螺旋锥齿轮精确模型的构建及啮合性能分析

发布时间：2018-04-03 11:30

本文选题：螺旋锥齿轮　切入点：球面渐开线　出处：《新疆大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：螺旋锥齿轮作为一种用于相交轴或交错轴传动的动力传输部件。因其传动比大、传动平稳、承载能力强等优点,被广泛用于航空、航天、航海、汽车、机床、工程机械和矿山机械等重要机械传动领域。获得高性能如低振动、低噪音是其重要的发展方向。首先,螺旋锥齿轮结构形式极其复杂,其三维模型的设计难度较大;其次,螺旋锥齿轮在实际加工过程中不可避免的会发生切削力的改变、齿轮热变形、等其它的一些不确定性因素,往往导致加工出来的齿面几何形状会偏离精确的标准齿面或理论设计的齿面;最后,螺旋锥齿轮啮合性能的优劣将直接影响其整机的工作性能。因此,精确的三维模型设计、优质高效的齿面加工误差修正、准确的啮合性能分析一直是近些年来各专家学者在对螺旋锥齿轮研究中的热点和重难点。本文依托近些年来在螺旋锥齿轮领域研究中取得的成果和所存在的不足,在螺旋锥齿轮三维模型设计、齿面加工误差修正、啮合性能等方面进行了相关基础性的研究,主要内容可以归纳为以下几个方面:I)完成螺旋锥齿轮精确三维实体模型的构建。首先,指出了以共轭曲面原理为理论基础设计加工出的螺旋锥齿轮所存在的不足,其设计加工出的齿廓曲线为近似的球面渐开线。然后,对球面渐开线相关理论进行分析并总结出齿轮模型设计方案。最后,完成对齿面数学模型详细的求解,并以三维模型设计软件为工具构建出螺旋齿轮精确三维实体模型。II)提出基于ease-off的通用加工参数的螺旋锥齿轮反调修正方法。首先,基于通用展成加工模型,通过利用数学上的高阶多项式函数来正确表达出机床的通用加工参数,并利用通用加工参数来完成对理论齿面的定义;然后,通过三坐标测量获取真实齿面的ease-off值,并建立目标函数;最后,通过引入敏感性矩阵和改进的以置信域策略为基础的Levenberg-Marquardat(L-M)算法来实现对机床通用加工参数反调量精确稳定的求解,完成了齿面加工误差的反调修正,实现了齿面高精度、高效率的设计制造。III)基于高质量的有限元网格模型和合理的有限元分析前处理相关设置,采用有限元法研究分析螺旋锥齿轮的静、动态啮合性能。首先,研究计算了齿面接触应力、齿根弯曲应力、齿面接触区的形状及其运动轨迹;然后,总结分析了齿轮传递误差的计算方法并探索了不同载荷工况对传递误差的影响;最后,分别以小轮转速、小轮加速时间、载荷为因素,通过建立对比数据曲线图形,探究其对螺旋锥齿轮动态啮合性能的影响。其研究规律和结论为螺旋锥齿轮的模型设计、加工制造、以及实现齿轮传动的减振降噪提供了重要的参考价值。
[Abstract]:Spiral bevel gear is used as a power transmission part of intersecting axes or staggered shaft transmission. Because of its large transmission ratio, smooth transmission, strong bearing capacity, is widely used in aviation, aerospace, marine, automotive, machine tools, construction machinery and mining machinery and other important field of mechanical transmission. To obtain high performance such as low vibration. Low noise is an important direction of development. First of all, the structure form of spiral bevel gear is extremely complex, the 3D model design is difficult; secondly, the spiral bevel gear is inevitable in actual machining process will change gear cutting force, thermal deformation, and other uncertain factors, often lead to tooth surface geometry processing it will deviate from the standard of accuracy or theoretical design of tooth surface; finally, the performance of spiral bevel gear meshing performance will directly affect the whole machine. Therefore, accurate 3D model design Gauge, error correction of tooth surface machining quality and efficient, accurate analysis of the meshing performance in recent years has been the focus of experts and scholars in the study of spiral bevel gear and the heavy difficulty. Research in the field of spiral bevel gear based on the achievements in recent years and the existing problems, the 3D model design of spiral bevel gear and the modified tooth surface machining error, the fundamental research on the meshing performance and other aspects, the main contents can be summarized as follows: I) to complete the construction of spiral bevel gear with accurate 3D model. Firstly, pointed out the shortcomings of the conjugate principle for the theoretical basis for the design of spiral bevel gear machined. The design process of spherical involute tooth profile curve is approximate. Then, on the relevant theoretical analysis of spherical involute gear model and summed up the design scheme. Finally, the completion of the tooth number To solve the model in detail, and the three-dimensional model design software as a tool to construct helical gear 3D solid model.II) proposed correction method of spiral bevel gear antiregulation universal machining parameters based on ease-off. Firstly, the general machining model based on the correct expression of general processing parameters of the machine by using the high order polynomial function of mathematics the general and the use of processing parameters to complete the definition of the theoretical tooth surface; then, to obtain the ease-off value of real tooth surface by three coordinate measurement, and the objective function is established; finally, by introducing the sensitivity matrix and improved the confidence domain strategy based Levenberg-Marquardat (L-M) algorithm to solve general machine processing parameters the amount of compensation precision and stability, the tooth surface machining error correction antiregulation, realizes the tooth surface of high precision, high efficiency and high quality of design and manufacture based on.III) Finite element mesh model and finite element analysis of reasonable pretreatment related settings, the analysis of spiral bevel gear static finite element method, the dynamic meshing performance. Firstly, calculation of the tooth surface contact stress, bending stress, shape and trajectory of the tooth contact area; then, analyzes the calculation method of transmission error of gear and explore different load effect on the transfer error summary; finally, to ferry ferry speed, acceleration time, load factors, through the establishment of comparative data curve graphics, explore its influence on the dynamic meshing performance. The research conclusion and rules for the model design, the spiral bevel gear the processing and manufacturing, as well as the realization of gear vibration and noise reduction provides important reference value.

【学位授予单位】：新疆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH132.41

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