基于数值模拟的直筒笼式阀门流噪声特性分析

发布时间：2018-04-04 00:44

本文选题：控制阀　切入点：数值模拟　出处：《杭州电子科技大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：调节控制阀在现代自动化和工业领域应用非常广泛,所以对于控制阀内部流噪声特性的分析具有非常重要的意义。控制阀内部流场比较复杂多变,而且噪声比较难以测量,以往研究手段一般都是实验方法,然后获得一些阀门总体性能的参数。但是由于受到实验成本和装置的限制,对于复杂结构的控制阀内部流道流场和声场,很难获得比较准确的相关参数。本次研究尝试通过数值模拟的方法,并结合阀门流场和声场,对阀门流噪声特性进行计算和分析。根据流体力学和计算声学基本理论和方法,建立控制阀的三维流场模型和三维声场模型。选取100%开度、70%开度、40%开度和10%开度四种工况下的阀门,使用计算流体力学软件Fluent进行流场数值模拟计算和声学计算软件Actran进行声场数值模拟计算。然后获得阀门流场的一些重要参数,如压力分布、速度分布和湍流强度分布,以及获得阀门噪声的相关参数,如声压频谱分布、声指向特性分布、声压分布。根据流场计算结果,确定控制阀不同开度和流量系数之间的关系和阀门内部流场的变化。研究结果表明,速度、压力变化以及涡旋强度比较大的区域集中在阀门内部套筒窗口以及套筒处,进而预测这块区域是噪声源所在区域。并分析不同开度阀门流场变化产生差异的原因。分别选用阀门内部和阀门外部的两组监测点来分析控制阀内部和外部的噪声特性。分析结果表明,阀门内部噪声频谱分布在低频和高频状态下存在差异,同时阀门中间区域声压都要高于上下游区域。阀门外部噪声声指向特性分布中,低频状态下的图形规则和对称性要优于高频状态下的图形。同时确定不同开度内外部噪声变化差异的原因。最后,根据流场分析结果对于声场分析结果的影响,来确定阀门内部噪声产生的主要原因。研究结果对于控制阀的噪声特性的研究开发具有一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:Regulation control valves are widely used in modern automation and industrial fields, so it is of great significance to analyze the internal flow noise characteristics of control valves.The internal flow field of the control valve is complex and changeable, and the noise is difficult to measure. In the past, the research method is usually experimental method, and then some parameters of the valve's overall performance are obtained.However, due to the limitation of experimental cost and device, it is difficult to obtain more accurate parameters for the flow field and sound field in the control valve with complex structure.This study attempts to calculate and analyze the noise characteristics of valve flow by numerical simulation, combined with valve flow field and sound field.According to the basic theories and methods of hydrodynamics and computational acoustics, the three-dimensional flow field model and the three-dimensional sound field model of the control valve are established.The valve with 70% opening and 40% opening and 10% opening is selected. The numerical simulation of the flow field is carried out with the computational fluid dynamics software Fluent and the acoustic calculation software Actran is used to carry out the numerical simulation of the sound field.Then some important parameters of valve flow field, such as pressure distribution, velocity distribution and turbulence intensity distribution, as well as the relevant parameters of valve noise, such as acoustic pressure spectrum distribution, acoustic direction characteristic distribution and sound pressure distribution, are obtained.According to the result of flow field calculation, the relationship between different opening and flow coefficient of control valve and the change of flow field inside valve are determined.The results show that the region with large velocity, pressure change and vortex intensity is concentrated in the inner sleeve window and sleeve of the valve, and the region is predicted to be the area where the noise source is located.The reason of the variation of valve flow field with different opening is analyzed.The internal and external noise characteristics of the control valve are analyzed by two groups of monitoring points inside the valve and outside the valve respectively.The results show that there are differences in the distribution of internal noise spectrum between the low and high frequency states, and the sound pressure in the middle region of the valve is higher than that in the upstream and downstream regions.The pattern rules and symmetry in the low frequency state are better than those in the high frequency state in the distribution of the external noise direction characteristic of the valve.At the same time, the reasons for the variation of internal and external noise with different opening are determined.Finally, according to the effect of the flow field analysis results on the sound field analysis results, to determine the main causes of the valve internal noise.The research results have certain reference value for the research and development of the noise characteristics of the control valve.
【学位授予单位】：杭州电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TH134

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