汽车起重机标准节稳定性分析与试验研究

发布时间：2018-04-08 13:21

本文选题：汽车起重机标准节　切入点：APDL　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：汽车起重机是装在普通汽车底盘或特制汽车底盘上的一种起重机,分为行驶驾驶与起重操作上下两个驾驶室。汽车起重机的优点是机动性好,可以在平地上迅速转移,缺点是由于不能负荷行驶,工作需要支腿支撑,也不像履带起重机那样适合在松软或泥泞的场地上工作。传统规范设计的稳定性分析无法精确地计算工程实际中结构的稳定性问题,因此,可以应用非线性有限元分析方法对臂架进行屈曲分析,得到臂架破坏时的屈曲破坏载荷,为臂架的稳定性设计及校核提供依据。桁架臂的稳定性对于起重机的正常运转至关重要,在桁架臂的材料使用方面,桁架臂的强度足够,但是刚度以及稳定性问题却日益突出。本文对当前市场的汽车起重机国内外发展状况以及发展趋势做了介绍,并全面介绍了研究背景、研究内容及研究意义。本文所涉及到的模型均利用有限元参数化设计语言(APDL-ANSYS Parametric Design Language)建立。利用有限元分析软件ANSYS对不同长度的圆管和不同结构的桁架臂进行非线性有限元分析。将研究对象进行优化设计最终确定试验样本,通过非线性有限元计算分别得出钢圆管和不同结构桁架臂的屈曲破坏载荷。通过有限元分析得出的屈曲破坏载荷对高强钢圆管和不同结构桁架臂进行破坏试验。先对高强钢圆管进行两端铰支的屈曲破坏试验,再对不同结构的桁架臂进行屈曲破坏试验。通过正确的试验得出试验数据进行整理。通过对高强钢圆管的有限元分析结果和圆管试验结果进行对比,拟合出高强度钢的轴压稳定系数曲线,了解高强度钢的性能,形成修正的单支稳定性计算方法,对以后臂架的设计有重要的意义。利用不同结构桁架臂屈曲破坏试验来验证非线性有限元计算方法的准确性,为以后分析稳定性问题提供理论依据。
[Abstract]:Truck crane is a kind of crane mounted on ordinary automobile chassis or special car chassis, which is divided into two driving cabins: driving and lifting operation.Truck cranes have the advantage of good mobility and can be transferred quickly on the flat ground. The disadvantages are that they can not be driven under load, work with supporting legs, and are not suitable for working on soft or muddy fields as crawler cranes do.The stability analysis of traditional code design can not accurately calculate the structural stability problem in engineering practice. Therefore, nonlinear finite element analysis method can be applied to the buckling analysis of the boom, and the buckling failure load of the boom can be obtained.It provides the basis for the stability design and check of the arm.The stability of the truss arm is very important for the normal operation of the crane. The strength of the truss arm is sufficient in the use of the material of the truss arm, but the problems of stiffness and stability are becoming increasingly prominent.This paper introduces the domestic and international development situation and development trend of truck crane in the current market, and introduces the research background, research content and research significance.The models involved in this paper are established by using the finite element parameterized design language APDL-ANSYS Parametric Design language.The finite element analysis software ANSYS is used for nonlinear finite element analysis of circular tubes with different lengths and truss arms with different structures.The experimental samples were determined by optimal design and the buckling failure loads of steel pipe and truss arm with different structures were calculated by nonlinear finite element method.The buckling failure load obtained by finite element analysis is used to test the failure of high strength steel pipe and truss arm with different structures.The buckling failure tests of high strength steel pipes are carried out at both ends of the pipe and then on the truss arms with different structures.Through the correct test, the test data are sorted out.By comparing the results of finite element analysis with the test results of high strength steel pipe, the axial compression stability coefficient curve of high strength steel is fitted, and the performance of high strength steel is understood, and a modified single branch stability calculation method is formed.It is of great significance to the design of the boom in the future.The buckling failure test of truss arm with different structures is used to verify the accuracy of nonlinear finite element method, which provides a theoretical basis for the analysis of stability problems in the future.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH213.6

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