随车起重机承重结构关键件研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 08:10

本文选题：随车起重机 + 结构优化　；参考：《华南理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着起重机设计技术的发展,伸缩臂结构在随车起重机上的应用也越来越广泛,特别是在重型随车起重机上,箱形伸缩式起重臂已经表现出很大的发展前途。而伸缩臂、滑块以及油缸作为随车起重机的主要承重结构部件,其设计的合理性,将对整机的起重性能有着直接的影响。本文以广东省韶关市起重机厂有限责任公司生产的SQ3200ZB6重型随车起重机为研究对象,结合其载荷试验的测试结果,重点对承重结构关键件(伸缩臂、滑块、油缸)进行研究,探索合理的承重结构关键件的设计方法与分析思路,为系列产品的开发提供借鉴与参考。首先,以伸缩臂截面参数为设计变量、以结构强度为约束条件、以伸缩臂的质量和变形量为优化目标,采用近似模型与遗传算法相结合的优化方法进行多目标结构优化设计,并在优化过程中探讨设计变量对目标变量的影响。结果表明多目标优化不仅能够获得截面参数的最优解集,而且提高了截面设计的灵活性。其次,基于正交试验设计方法对滑块接触应力的影响因素进行敏感性分析,确定因素的主次,并对影响因素的最优组合方案进行验证,以改善滑块接触应力分布。敏感性分析结果表明滑块材料与滑块宽度尺寸对接触区域滑块应力影响最大;通过对因素进行整体分析,避免了单因素分析法的不足,同时对各影响因素有更加全面的理解。最后,结合实际受力情况,对承受轴向支撑载荷的伸缩臂驱动油缸分别进行稳定性分析及强度分析。并在此基础上就初始变形对油缸稳定性的影响进行探讨分析,提出相应的建议和解决办法,为提高随车起重机伸缩臂驱动油缸的稳定性提供参考。
[Abstract]:With the development of crane design technology, the structure of telescopic boom is more and more widely used in truck crane, especially in heavy truck crane, box-shaped telescopic boom has shown great development prospects. As the main load-bearing components of the crane, the rationality of the design of the telescopic boom, slider and oil cylinder will have a direct impact on the lifting performance of the whole crane. This paper takes the SQ3200ZB6 heavy truck crane produced by Shaoguan Crane Factory of Guangdong Province as the research object, combined with the test results of its load test, focuses on the research of the key parts of the load-bearing structure (telescopic arm, slider, oil cylinder). In order to provide reference and reference for the development of series products, this paper explores the reasonable design method and analysis thought of the key parts of load-bearing structure. Firstly, the cross-section parameters of the telescopic arm are taken as the design variables, the structural strength is taken as the constraint condition, the mass and deformation of the telescopic arm are taken as the optimization objectives, and the optimization method combining approximate model and genetic algorithm is used to carry out the multi-objective structural optimization design. In the process of optimization, the influence of design variables on target variables is discussed. The results show that multi-objective optimization can not only obtain the optimal solution set of cross-section parameters, but also improve the flexibility of cross-section design. Secondly, based on the orthogonal design method, the sensitivity of the factors affecting the contact stress of the slider is analyzed, and the primary and secondary factors are determined, and the optimal combination scheme of the influencing factors is verified to improve the distribution of the contact stress of the slider. The sensitivity analysis results show that the size of slider material and slider width have the greatest influence on the stress of sliding block in the contact area, and through the overall analysis of the factors, the shortcomings of the single factor analysis method are avoided, and the influence factors are more fully understood. Finally, the stability analysis and strength analysis of the telescopic arm drive cylinder bearing axial support load are carried out. On this basis, the influence of initial deformation on cylinder stability is discussed and analyzed, and the corresponding suggestions and solutions are put forward to provide a reference for improving the stability of the cylinder driven by telescopic jib of truck crane.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TH21

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