金属橡胶刚柔复合齿轮副结构设计及动力学分析

发布时间：2018-04-22 06:33

本文选题：金属橡胶 + 复合齿轮副　；参考：《重庆大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文研究工作得到了军品配套项目“xxx齿轮传动装置的研制”的资助。随着军事设备的快速发展,对减速器的可靠性和传动精度提出了更高要求。橡胶合金滤波减速器是重庆大学王家序教授针对军事设备的使用性能和传统减速器的突出问题,发明的一种高可靠、轻量化的精密少齿差行星减速器。但是橡胶合金作为一种非金属基体材料,强度刚度不如金属材料,高低温性能较差,这在一定程度上阻碍了滤波减速器的推广应用。而金属橡胶材料可在-70℃~300℃稳定可靠的工作,其力学性能不会发生较大改变。本文以复合齿轮副为研究对象,采用金属橡胶材料作为弹性体,结合变形协调设计理论,对其结构参数和工艺形式开展了研究。论文的主要内容如下:①基于金属橡胶材料的压缩性能和阻尼性能特点,结合变形协调理论,建立了一套关于金属橡胶复合齿轮副的完整结构设计计算流程。该设计流程中以金属橡胶材料的相对密度作为重要变量,从复合齿轮副的扭转刚度、启动摩擦力矩和动力学性能两条路径进行求解。对比验证两种方法所得结果没有明显冲突之后,总结得到金属橡胶复合齿轮的加工参数。考虑到前述计算存在的误差,为了验证计算的合理性并方便对比实验,设计了5组不同间隙?r和不同相对密度的金属橡胶复合齿轮副。②在初期设计中便引入动力学分析以指导并优化设计工作。将支撑轴承、传动轴和金属橡胶弹性体等效为支撑刚度和阻尼元件,采用无摩擦的齿轮副啮合模型,按照集中质量法建立一对金属橡胶复合齿轮副三个构件6个自由度的非线性振动模型。对上述微分非线性方程组进行降阶,利用Matlab编程求解。之后采用粒子群算法,以金属橡胶弹性体等效刚度、阻尼为自变量,复合齿轮副振动响应为约束,振动加速度RMS值最小为目标开展多目标优化工作。并将结果代入前述流程进行下一步求解。③针对复合齿轮副的结构,利用Abaqus软件开展高低温环境下复合齿轮副的有限元热变形分析。之后从齿轮副传动精度与可靠性入手,在综合考虑齿厚误差、齿轮径向跳动、传动轴偏心误差、支撑轴承径向游隙和前述热变形分析结果的基础上,对复合齿轮副开展变形协调设计。经计算得到常温时复合齿轮副的预紧量,并根据低温时的传动精度和高温时的传动可靠性要求进行验算。结果表明,5组复合齿轮副的预紧量既能够保证低温时的回差要求,也能保证高温时复合齿轮齿圈与轮毂留有一定间隙,保证齿轮副不发生卡涩、卡死的故障。④针对金属橡胶材料的成型工艺,并结合前述计算结果,设计出一整套复合齿轮金属橡胶弹性体的冲压成型模具。创造性的提出利用复合齿轮的齿圈和轮毂作为冲压模具型腔的一部分,使成型的金属橡胶弹性体不再需要装配。⑤利用已完成加工的2#复合齿轮和多功能传动摩擦实验台开展了部分实验。通过对比实验,表明金属橡胶复合齿轮副的振动明显小于传统金属齿轮副。同时开展了不同中心距下复合齿轮副的测试工作,结果表明随着预紧量增加,齿面摩擦加剧,复合齿轮副摩擦力矩逐渐增大,振动加速度则呈先下降后上升的趋势。
[Abstract]:The research work of this paper is supported by the development of the XXX gear transmission for the military equipment. With the rapid development of the military equipment, the reliability and transmission precision of the reducer are higher. The rubber alloy filter reducer is the use performance of the professor Wang family in Chongqing University and the traditional reducer for military equipment. A high reliability and lightweight planet reducer with small tooth difference is invented. However, as a non-metallic matrix material, the strength stiffness of rubber alloy is not as good as metal material, and the performance of high and low temperature is poor. This hinders the popularization of the filter retarder to a certain extent. And the metal rubber material can be stable and reliable at -70 C ~300 C. In this paper, the mechanical properties of the compound gear pair will not be changed greatly. This paper takes the compound gear pair as the research object, uses the metal rubber material as the elastic body, combined with the deformation coordination design theory, and studies its structural parameters and process forms. The main contents of the thesis are as follows: (1) the compression performance and damping properties of the metal rubber materials are based on the main contents of the paper. Based on the deformation coordination theory, a set of complete structure design and calculation process of metal rubber compound gear pair is set up. In this design process, the relative density of metal rubber material is regarded as an important variable, and the two paths are solved from the torsional stiffness of the compound gear pair, the starting friction moment and the dynamic performance. Comparison and verification of the two kinds of gear pairs is made. After the results have no obvious conflict, the processing parameters of the metal rubber compound gear are summed up. Considering the errors in the previous calculation, in order to verify the reasonableness of the calculation and facilitate the comparison experiment, 5 groups of metal rubber compound gear pairs with different gaps, R and different relative density, are designed. In order to guide and optimize the design work, the supporting bearing, the transmission shaft and the metal rubber elastomer are equivalent to the support stiffness and damping element, and the friction free gear pair meshing model is used to establish the nonlinear vibration model of the 6 degrees of freedom of the three components of a pair of metal rubber compound gear pairs according to the centralized mass method. The equations of sexual equations are reduced and solved by Matlab programming. Then the particle swarm optimization is used to carry out multi-objective optimization work with the equivalent stiffness of metal rubber elastomer, damping as independent variable, vibration response of the compound gear pair as the constraint, and the minimum vibration acceleration RMS value as the target. With the structure of the gear pair, the finite element thermal deformation analysis of the compound gear pair under high and low temperature environment is analyzed by Abaqus software. Then, on the basis of the accuracy and reliability of the gear pair transmission, on the basis of the comprehensive consideration of the tooth thickness error, the radial runout of the gear, the eccentric error of the transmission shaft, the supporting bearing radial clearance and the analysis result of the previous thermal deformation. The deformation coordination design of the gear pair is carried out. The pre tightening amount of the compound gear pair at normal temperature is calculated and checked according to the transmission accuracy at low temperature and the transmission reliability requirements at high temperature. The results show that the pre tightness of the 5 groups of compound gear pairs can not only guarantee the return difference at low temperature, but also ensure the compound gear ring and the gear ring at high temperature. There is a certain gap in the wheel hub to ensure that the gear pair does not get stuck and die. (4) a complete set of stamping moulds for the metal rubber elastomer of compound gear are designed according to the forming process of metal rubber material and the results mentioned above. Part of the formed metal rubber elastomer no longer needs to be assembled. 5. Some experiments have been carried out by using the finished 2# composite gear and the multi-function transmission friction test bench. The comparison experiment shows that the vibration of the metal rubber compound gear pair is obviously smaller than that of the traditional metal gear pair. At the same time, the compound gear with different center distance is carried out. The results show that with the increase of pretension, the friction of the tooth surface increases, the friction torque of the compound gear pair increases and the vibration acceleration decreases and then rises.

【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TH132.41

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