无油涡旋压缩机的动力特性研究

发布时间：2018-06-05 20:54

本文选题：无油涡旋压缩机 + 动力特性　；参考：《兰州理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：涡旋压缩机作为最新一代的容积式压缩机,其可靠性高、结构简单、噪音小、振动低、效率高的特点使涡旋压缩机受到各国研究者的广泛关注。由于涡旋压缩机工作原理的特殊性,使其对结构精度的要求非常高,因此涡旋压缩机动力特性的好坏将直接影响着涡旋压缩机的性能。本文以排气量为0.6m3/min的无油涡旋压缩机为研究对象,对无油涡旋压缩机的动力特性进行了定量化的详细研究,主要研究内容如下:(1)基于涡旋型线的平面啮合理论和圆渐开线型线方程,建立了无油涡旋压缩机的几何模型,得到了各个工作腔容积随主轴转角的变化规律;通过对涡旋压缩机主要运动部件小曲拐、动盘以及主轴的受力分析,建立了动力学模型,并利用数值分析方法计算出了动盘所受的气体力及力矩、小曲拐和主轴的受力随主轴转角的变化,其研究结果表明:小曲拐的受力为半周受力,且两次受力达到峰值,两次最小为零,因为切向力远大于其它作用力,因此主轴轴承受切向力影响最大。(2)以动力学模型为依据对涡旋压缩机主要摩擦部件进行了摩擦损失分析,并给出了相应的功率计算公式以及机械效率公式,其研究结果表明:主轴承的摩擦损失要远大于其它轴承的摩擦损失,说明主轴承的摩擦损失是影响机械效率的最主要因素,涡旋压缩机的机械效率变化幅度很小,表明涡旋压缩机的稳定性很高。(3)通过SolidWorks和Adams软件对无油涡旋压缩机进行了三维建模与虚拟装配,并对其进行了动力学、运动学仿真计算;联合ANSYS软件共同建立了小曲拐的刚柔耦合模型,并对此模型进行了仿真分析,其结果表明:小曲拐与主轴具有相同的运动规律,符合小曲拐平面四杆机构的运动规律,验证了小曲拐防自转机构的可行性,三个小曲拐的应力最大节点相同,且最大节点的应力应变的变化趋势相同,说明了三个小曲拐的受力状况与运动规律基本相同,最大变形发生的部位在退刀槽附近。(4)利用ANSYS对小曲拐与主轴的模态进行了分析,其结果表明:弯曲和扭转是小曲拐与主轴的主要变形形式,且主轴平衡块位置的变形较大,主轴中间部位变形很小。(5)通过搭建的新型无油涡旋压缩机实验平台对开发样机进行了性能测试,验证了模型的正确性、仿真结果的可靠性、同时也表明开发的样机具有良好的综合性能。
[Abstract]:As the latest generation of volumetric compressors, scroll compressors have the characteristics of high reliability, simple structure, low noise, low vibration and high efficiency. Because of the particularity of the working principle of the scroll compressor, the structure accuracy is very high, so the dynamic characteristics of the scroll compressor will directly affect the performance of the scroll compressor. In this paper, the dynamic characteristics of oil-free scroll compressor with 0.6m3/min exhaust volume are studied in detail. The main research contents are as follows: (1) based on the planar meshing theory of the vortex profile and the circular involute line equation, the geometric model of the oil-free scroll compressor is established, and the variation of the volume of each working cavity with the rotation angle of the spindle is obtained. The dynamic model is established through the analysis of the force of the main moving parts of the scroll compressor, such as the small curved crank, the moving disk and the spindle, and the gas force and torque of the moving disk are calculated by using the numerical analysis method. The research results show that the force of Xiaoqu Gun is half circumferential, and the stress of two times reaches the peak value, and the minimum of two times is zero, because the tangential force is much larger than other forces. Therefore, the friction loss of the main friction parts of the scroll compressor is analyzed based on the dynamic model, and the corresponding power calculation formula and mechanical efficiency formula are given. The results show that the friction loss of the main bearing is much larger than that of the other bearings, indicating that the friction loss of the main bearing is the most important factor affecting the mechanical efficiency, and the variation of the mechanical efficiency of the scroll compressor is very small. The results show that the scroll compressor has high stability. (3) 3D modeling and virtual assembly of the oil-free scroll compressor are carried out by SolidWorks and Adams software, and the dynamics and kinematics simulation are carried out. The rigid-flexible coupling model of Xiaoqu crank is established by using ANSYS software, and the simulation analysis is carried out. The results show that the Xiaoqu crank has the same motion law as the spindle and accords with the motion law of the four-bar mechanism in the Xiaoqu crank plane. The feasibility of the anti-rotation mechanism is verified. The stress maximum joint of the three small curved crutches is the same, and the change trend of the stress and strain of the maximum joint is the same, which shows that the stress state and the motion law of the three small curved crutches are basically the same. The maximum deformation occurs near the receding groove. (4) the modal analysis of the small curved and main shaft is carried out by using ANSYS. The results show that the bending and torsion are the main deformation forms of the small curved and main shaft, and the deformation of the balance block of the spindle is large. A new oil-free scroll compressor experimental platform was built to test the performance of the developed prototype, which verifies the correctness of the model and the reliability of the simulation results. At the same time, it also shows that the developed prototype has good comprehensive performance.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH45

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