机电液系统模拟加载方法实验研究

发布时间：2018-07-27 12:51

【摘要】：随着装备制造水平的提高,室内模拟加载系统在设备性能测试实验中得到了广泛的应用,因此室内模拟加载装置在机电液系统中如何准确模拟实际工况是当前研究热点。室内模拟加载系统性能与负载装置特性紧密相关,负载装置性能影响模拟载荷的精确度,使用不同加载装置模拟液压设备在实际工况下所承受的载荷谱并进行相关实(试)验方法研究是焦点问题。本文将电磁比例溢流阀和磁粉制动器两种加载元件运用到泵控马达液压系统中,对加载元件模拟加载性能研究。对比两种加载元件分别加载时系统的静态响应特性和动态响应特性:在加载方式、适用范围、负载特性等方面进行综合比较,为在实验室条件下选择合适的加载元件提供参考依据。本文完成的主要研究工作如下:(1)通过MATLAB(SIMULINK)软件搭建主要液压元件模型,并根据电磁比例溢流阀和磁粉制动器工作原理搭建两种加载元件数学模型。仿真研究两种不同加载元件在相同负载工况条件下的工作机理,研究各关键因素对加载性能特点的影响机制原理;(2)对变转速泵控马达系统利用上位工控机完成了软件设计,利用电磁比例溢流阀和磁粉制动器加载元件对系统压力在相同工况条件下开环加载:通过系统压力测试,分析两种加载元件的加载控制电压死区大小、最大滞后误差大小、灵敏度等静态特性;(3)在泵控马达系统中利用PID控制调节原理完成系统压力闭环加载,通过对比分析得出:两种加载元件进行压力闭环加载时均能消除压力开环加载时出现的稳态误差现象。利用两种加载元件实现系统压力开环加载和闭环加载时能够分析比较两种加载元件加载时响应快速性、准确性、稳定性。(4)利用两种加载元件进行系统压力加载时,通过在马达轴上添加三种不同规格惯量盘改变负载惯量并在相同工况下采集、分析比较马达转速,研究不同加载元件模拟加载时负载转动惯量大小对马达转速波动影响。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of equipment manufacturing level, indoor simulated loading system has been widely used in equipment performance test, so how to accurately simulate the actual working conditions of indoor analog loading device in electromechanical and hydraulic system is a hot research topic at present. The performance of the indoor analog loading system is closely related to the characteristics of the load device, and the performance of the load device affects the accuracy of the simulated load. Using different loading devices to simulate the load spectrum of hydraulic equipment under actual working conditions and to study the relevant real (trial) test methods are the focus issues. In this paper, the electromagnetic proportional relief valve and magnetic powder brake are applied to the hydraulic system of pump controlled motor, and the simulated loading performance of the loading elements is studied. The static response characteristics and dynamic response characteristics of the two loading elements are compared: loading mode, applicable range, load characteristic and so on. It provides a reference for selecting suitable loading elements under laboratory conditions. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the main hydraulic component model is built by MATLAB (SIMULINK) software, and two kinds of loading element mathematical models are built according to the working principle of electromagnetic proportional relief valve and magnetic powder brake. The working mechanism of two kinds of different loading components under the same load condition is studied by simulation, and the influence mechanism of each key factor on the loading characteristics is studied. (2) the software design of the pump motor system with variable speed is completed by using the upper industrial control computer. The electromagnetic proportional relief valve and magnetic powder brake are used to load the pressure of the system under the same operating conditions. Through the pressure test of the system, the size of the dead-zone voltage and the maximum lag error of the two loading elements are analyzed. Sensitivity and other static characteristics. (3) the pressure closed-loop loading of the system is completed by using the PID control regulation principle in the pump control motor system. Through comparison and analysis, it is concluded that the steady-state error of pressure open-loop loading can be eliminated when two kinds of loading elements are loaded in closed loop. When two kinds of loading elements are used to realize the pressure open-loop loading and closed-loop loading, the response speed, accuracy and stability of the two loading elements can be analyzed and compared. (4) when the two loading elements are used for the pressure loading of the system, By adding three kinds of inertia plates with different specifications to the motor shaft to change the load inertia and collect it under the same working condition, the motor rotational speed was analyzed and compared, and the effect of load moment of inertia on the motor speed fluctuation was studied.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH137

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