基于压电阻抗技术的螺栓松动监测的研究
发布时间：2018-08-18 16:46
【摘要】：工程结构之间有多种联接方式，螺栓连接是一种在工程实践中应用最为广泛的连接方式。螺栓在循环载荷和强迫振动的作用下会出现疲劳损伤和松动现象，螺栓的失效会造成灾难性的后果和重大财产损失。对螺栓进行实时在线健康监测显得尤为重要。压电阻抗技术作为一种新型的结构健康监测技术，近二十年来得到了飞速的发展，该技术被广泛的应用于钢结构、土木工程等重要工程的结构健康监测试验当中，论文基于压电阻抗技术展开了螺栓松动监测的实验研究，论文的主要内容如下： 1．综合分析了结构健康监测的主要方法，及压电阻抗技术理论和该技术应用于钢结构、混凝土结构、裂纹、螺栓等结构健康监测的国内外研究现状，并列举了不同的结构损伤指标在结构健康损伤评估中的使用情况。对压电阻抗技术的影响因素进行了分析，介绍了有限元压电耦合场分析的研究状况，总结了压电阻抗技术的优点。 2．介绍了压电材料和压电效应的概念，引用压电方程对压电材料电导纳的计算公式进行了推导。引入了损伤指标对损伤程度进行定量的分析。 3．阐述了有限元法和相关软件的概念，，对压电耦合场分析的详细过程进行了描述，介绍了压电片导纳提取的方法。建立起了压电片-钢梁及压电片-螺栓的有限元模型，对耦合模型进行了有限元压电耦合场的分析。得到了不同力作用下的压电导纳等相关数据，分析了不同力载荷下的导纳曲线变化情况。 4．搭建了螺栓松动监测的实验平台，进行了基于压电阻抗技术的螺栓松动监测实验。采用万能试验机对螺栓联接结构进行加载模拟螺栓预紧力的变化。分析了压电导纳曲线及损伤指标(RMSD)随预紧力的变化规律，讨论了压电材料安装位置及结构接触面粗糙度对损伤指标的影响。 5．进行了基于压电阻抗技术的一体式智能螺栓的研究，将压电材料分别安装在不同型号的螺栓和螺母表面。分析了不同力作用下的电导纳数据，并建立了螺栓松动程度和预紧力之间的关系曲线。
[Abstract]:There are many kinds of connections between engineering structures, bolt connection is the most widely used in engineering practice. Under the action of cyclic load and forced vibration, fatigue damage and loosening will occur, and the failure of bolts will result in disastrous consequences and heavy property losses. It is very important to carry out real-time on-line health monitoring for bolts. As a new type of structural health monitoring technology, piezoelectric impedance technology has been developed rapidly in the past two decades. It has been widely used in structural health monitoring tests of steel structures, civil engineering and other important projects. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. The main methods of structural health monitoring are analyzed synthetically. The theory of piezoelectric impedance technology and its application to the health monitoring of steel structures, concrete structures, cracks, bolts and so on are discussed. The application of different structural damage indexes in structural health damage assessment is also listed. The influence factors of piezoelectric impedance technology are analyzed, the research status of finite element piezoelectric coupling field analysis is introduced, and the advantages of piezoelectric impedance technology are summarized. 2. The concepts of piezoelectric material and piezoelectric effect are introduced. The formula for calculating the electrical admittance of piezoelectric materials is derived by using the piezoelectric equation. The damage index is introduced to quantitatively analyze the damage degree. 3. The concept of finite element method and related software are introduced, the detailed process of piezoelectric coupling field analysis is described, and the method of admittance extraction of piezoelectric plate is introduced. The finite element models of piezoelectric plate-steel beam and piezoelectric lamp-bolt are established, and the coupling model is analyzed. The related data of piezoelectric admittance under different forces are obtained, and the variation of admittance curve under different force loads is analyzed. 4. An experimental platform for bolt loosening monitoring is built. The bolt loosening monitoring experiment based on piezoelectric impedance technology is carried out. A universal testing machine is used to simulate the change of bolt preload force. The variation of piezoelectric admittance curve and damage index (RMSD) with pretension force is analyzed. The influence of the installation position of piezoelectric material and the roughness of the structure contact surface on the damage index is discussed. 5. The research of the integrated intelligent bolt based on the piezoelectric impedance technology is carried out. The piezoelectric material is mounted on the surface of different types of bolts and nuts respectively. The electrical admittance data under different forces are analyzed, and the relationship curve between bolt loosening degree and pretightening force is established.
【学位授予单位】：武汉科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TH131.3;TP274
本文编号：2190072
[Abstract]:There are many kinds of connections between engineering structures, bolt connection is the most widely used in engineering practice. Under the action of cyclic load and forced vibration, fatigue damage and loosening will occur, and the failure of bolts will result in disastrous consequences and heavy property losses. It is very important to carry out real-time on-line health monitoring for bolts. As a new type of structural health monitoring technology, piezoelectric impedance technology has been developed rapidly in the past two decades. It has been widely used in structural health monitoring tests of steel structures, civil engineering and other important projects. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. The main methods of structural health monitoring are analyzed synthetically. The theory of piezoelectric impedance technology and its application to the health monitoring of steel structures, concrete structures, cracks, bolts and so on are discussed. The application of different structural damage indexes in structural health damage assessment is also listed. The influence factors of piezoelectric impedance technology are analyzed, the research status of finite element piezoelectric coupling field analysis is introduced, and the advantages of piezoelectric impedance technology are summarized. 2. The concepts of piezoelectric material and piezoelectric effect are introduced. The formula for calculating the electrical admittance of piezoelectric materials is derived by using the piezoelectric equation. The damage index is introduced to quantitatively analyze the damage degree. 3. The concept of finite element method and related software are introduced, the detailed process of piezoelectric coupling field analysis is described, and the method of admittance extraction of piezoelectric plate is introduced. The finite element models of piezoelectric plate-steel beam and piezoelectric lamp-bolt are established, and the coupling model is analyzed. The related data of piezoelectric admittance under different forces are obtained, and the variation of admittance curve under different force loads is analyzed. 4. An experimental platform for bolt loosening monitoring is built. The bolt loosening monitoring experiment based on piezoelectric impedance technology is carried out. A universal testing machine is used to simulate the change of bolt preload force. The variation of piezoelectric admittance curve and damage index (RMSD) with pretension force is analyzed. The influence of the installation position of piezoelectric material and the roughness of the structure contact surface on the damage index is discussed. 5. The research of the integrated intelligent bolt based on the piezoelectric impedance technology is carried out. The piezoelectric material is mounted on the surface of different types of bolts and nuts respectively. The electrical admittance data under different forces are analyzed, and the relationship curve between bolt loosening degree and pretightening force is established.
【学位授予单位】：武汉科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TH131.3;TP274
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