旋转机械轴心轨迹特征提取与识别研究

发布时间：2018-08-27 12:58

【摘要】：随着社会的飞速发展,大型旋转机械的需求量越来越大,同时也使得旋转机械故障诊断技术得到了快速发展。众所周知,目前国内外对于旋转机械故障诊断的主要研究方向是在故障机理、故障特征提取、轴心轨迹识别三个方面。轴心轨迹作为旋转机械的重要表征,是旋转机械故障诊断的核心。本论文的主要工作是通过对轴心轨迹的特征提取与识别来研究轴心轨迹图形与故障类型、程度之间的关系。首先通过对几种常见的旋转机械故障的发生机理与振动特征进行分析与总结,为故障的识别分类打下基础,然后通过建立数学模型,数值仿真来进行故障模拟,对比分析轴心轨迹图形与故障之间的联系。在进行轴心轨迹特征提取时将二维形状不变矩法与傅里叶描述子法相结合,再利用D-S证据理论的信息融合决策功能对轴心轨迹图形进行识别,并将结果与传统的欧氏距离度量法做了对比,表现出了显著的优势。最后利用实验室的旋转机构测控及故障诊断试验台对几种故障进行了模拟试验,通过分析实验结果,对轴心轨迹图形与故障之间的关系做了总结。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of society, the demand for large rotating machinery is increasing, and at the same time, the fault diagnosis technology of rotating machinery has been developed rapidly. As we all know, the main research direction of rotating machinery fault diagnosis at home and abroad is fault mechanism, fault feature extraction, axis track identification. As an important representation of rotating machinery, axis locus is the core of rotating machinery fault diagnosis. The main work of this paper is to study the relationship between axis trajectory pattern and fault type and degree by feature extraction and recognition of axis trajectory. Firstly, by analyzing and summarizing the mechanism and vibration characteristics of several kinds of common rotating machinery faults, it lays a foundation for fault identification and classification, and then establishes mathematical model and numerical simulation to carry out fault simulation. The relationship between the axis trajectory and the fault is compared and analyzed. In the process of feature extraction of axis trajectory, the two-dimensional shape invariant moment method and Fourier descriptor method are combined, and then the axis trajectory pattern is recognized by the information fusion decision function of D-S evidence theory. The results are compared with the traditional Euclidean distance measurement method. Finally, several kinds of faults are simulated by using the test bed of rotating mechanism and fault diagnosis in the laboratory. The relationship between the axis trajectory and the fault is summarized by analyzing the experimental results.
【学位授予单位】：陕西理工学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TH17

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