四配流窗口轴向柱塞马达配流理论及特性研究
发布时间：2018-09-12 07:24
【摘要】：工程机械一般采用内燃机驱动、液压控制方式,内燃机热效率和液压系统效率决定着能源利用效率,有众多的技术理论致力于内燃机热效率的提高,并取得了显著效果。工程机械液压系统能源效率的提高,一方面要降低本身的能量消耗,同时对浪费的能量进行回收利用,具有很大的提升空间和改进潜力,是节能研究的一个重要方向。工程机械作业机构动势能回收方式一是转化为液压能存储在蓄能器然后再利用或直接驱动液压元件,二是转化为电能存储在蓄能元件然后再利用,混合动力常用后一种方式。目前许多工程机械作业机构都存在向系统回馈能量的情况,比如挖掘机动臂下放时的势能和回转机构制动时的动能。当作业频次高、质量或转动惯量大时,执行机构大量动势能通常是通过改变液压阀口的面积来控制系统油液的流量和压力,这一方面浪费了能量,增加液压系统装机功率,另一方面造成导致系统发热,使液压元件寿命降低。对大质量和转动惯量的高频次作业机构进行动势能回收是工程机械节能降耗的有效措施。论文从四配流窗口轴向柱塞马达的配流理论数学推导、建模分析和回路模拟分析三方面,对马达外圈和内圈的压力流量特性以及输出轴的扭矩转速特性进行了分析说明,并详细讨论了各进出油口加压和加载情况。对以后将马达用在真实工程机械上进行能量回收再利用作业有一定的指导意义。首先针对工程机械回转运动向液压系统回馈制动能量的问题,提出了一种可以对旋转作业机构直接进行能量回收利用的新型液压原件,结合蓄能器的使用,实现了在无能量转换情况下对液压能量的直接回收,提高了能量利用效率,与现有能量回收系统相比,系统大大简化。然后在四配流窗口轴向柱塞马达仿真模型的基础上进一步搭建了单进油口驱动液压马达回路和双进油口驱动液压马达回路。通过测试发现单进油口驱动液压马达回路在运行时马达外圈处于马达工况,马达内圈处于泵工况,在此种工况下马达有一个能量输入接口和两个能量输出接口。最后通过测试双进口有驱动液压马达回路,发现四配流窗口轴向柱塞马达具有良好的二次加速功能。研究结果表明四配流窗口轴向柱塞马达的原理和方法是可行的。
[Abstract]:Construction machinery is generally driven by internal combustion engine, hydraulic control mode, internal combustion engine thermal efficiency and hydraulic system efficiency determine the energy efficiency, there are many technical theories dedicated to the internal combustion engine thermal efficiency improvement, and achieved remarkable results. To improve the energy efficiency of hydraulic system of construction machinery, on the one hand, it is necessary to reduce its own energy consumption, and at the same time to recycle the wasted energy, which has a great space for improvement and improvement potential, which is an important direction of energy conservation research. The dynamic energy recovery of construction machinery is converted to hydraulic energy stored in the accumulator and then reused or driven directly. The second is the electric energy is stored in the energy storage element and then reused. The hybrid power is usually used in the latter way. At present, many construction machinery operating mechanisms have the situation of feedback energy to the system, such as the potential energy when the excavator arm is lowered and the kinetic energy when the rotary mechanism is braking. When the operation frequency is high, the mass or the moment of inertia is large, a large number of actuators can control the flow and pressure of the system by changing the area of the hydraulic valve, which wastes energy and increases the installed power of the hydraulic system. On the other hand, it causes the heating of the system and reduces the life of hydraulic components. It is an effective measure for energy saving and consumption reduction of construction machinery to recover EMF energy from high frequency operation mechanism with large mass and rotational inertia. In this paper, the characteristics of pressure and flow of the outer ring and inner ring of the motor and the torque and rotational speed of the output shaft are analyzed from three aspects: the mathematical derivation of the distribution theory of the axial piston motor with four distribution windows, the modeling analysis and the loop simulation analysis. The pressure and loading of each inlet and outlet are discussed in detail. It has certain guiding significance for the application of motor in real construction machinery for energy recovery and reuse. First of all, aiming at the problem of feedback braking energy from rotary motion to hydraulic system of construction machinery, a new type of hydraulic component, which can directly recover and utilize energy from rotating operation mechanism, is proposed, combined with the use of accumulator. The direct recovery of hydraulic energy without energy conversion is realized, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved. Compared with the existing energy recovery system, the system is greatly simplified. Then, based on the simulation model of axial piston motor with four distribution windows, the hydraulic motor circuit with single inlet and double inlet is built. It is found that the outer ring of the motor is in the motor working condition and the inner ring of the motor is in the pump condition when the hydraulic motor loop is driven by a single inlet. Under this condition the motor has one energy input interface and two energy output interfaces. Finally, it is found that the axial plunger motor with four distribution window has good secondary acceleration function by testing the hydraulic motor circuit with double inlet drive. The results show that the principle and method of axial piston motor with four distribution window are feasible.
【学位授予单位】：太原科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH137.51
本文编号：2238312
[Abstract]:Construction machinery is generally driven by internal combustion engine, hydraulic control mode, internal combustion engine thermal efficiency and hydraulic system efficiency determine the energy efficiency, there are many technical theories dedicated to the internal combustion engine thermal efficiency improvement, and achieved remarkable results. To improve the energy efficiency of hydraulic system of construction machinery, on the one hand, it is necessary to reduce its own energy consumption, and at the same time to recycle the wasted energy, which has a great space for improvement and improvement potential, which is an important direction of energy conservation research. The dynamic energy recovery of construction machinery is converted to hydraulic energy stored in the accumulator and then reused or driven directly. The second is the electric energy is stored in the energy storage element and then reused. The hybrid power is usually used in the latter way. At present, many construction machinery operating mechanisms have the situation of feedback energy to the system, such as the potential energy when the excavator arm is lowered and the kinetic energy when the rotary mechanism is braking. When the operation frequency is high, the mass or the moment of inertia is large, a large number of actuators can control the flow and pressure of the system by changing the area of the hydraulic valve, which wastes energy and increases the installed power of the hydraulic system. On the other hand, it causes the heating of the system and reduces the life of hydraulic components. It is an effective measure for energy saving and consumption reduction of construction machinery to recover EMF energy from high frequency operation mechanism with large mass and rotational inertia. In this paper, the characteristics of pressure and flow of the outer ring and inner ring of the motor and the torque and rotational speed of the output shaft are analyzed from three aspects: the mathematical derivation of the distribution theory of the axial piston motor with four distribution windows, the modeling analysis and the loop simulation analysis. The pressure and loading of each inlet and outlet are discussed in detail. It has certain guiding significance for the application of motor in real construction machinery for energy recovery and reuse. First of all, aiming at the problem of feedback braking energy from rotary motion to hydraulic system of construction machinery, a new type of hydraulic component, which can directly recover and utilize energy from rotating operation mechanism, is proposed, combined with the use of accumulator. The direct recovery of hydraulic energy without energy conversion is realized, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved. Compared with the existing energy recovery system, the system is greatly simplified. Then, based on the simulation model of axial piston motor with four distribution windows, the hydraulic motor circuit with single inlet and double inlet is built. It is found that the outer ring of the motor is in the motor working condition and the inner ring of the motor is in the pump condition when the hydraulic motor loop is driven by a single inlet. Under this condition the motor has one energy input interface and two energy output interfaces. Finally, it is found that the axial plunger motor with four distribution window has good secondary acceleration function by testing the hydraulic motor circuit with double inlet drive. The results show that the principle and method of axial piston motor with four distribution window are feasible.
【学位授予单位】：太原科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH137.51
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