两级行星齿轮裂纹故障动力学建模与动态特性研究

发布时间：2018-12-11 15:04

【摘要】：行星齿轮传动系统因性能优异,常作为机械系统核心部件,现已广泛应用于风机、盾构机、直升机以及船舶等大型机械设备中。但因其结构复杂而常工作在低速、重载等恶劣工况下,噪声和各类故障已严重影响其安全、可靠运行。据统计,齿根裂纹是齿轮传动系统的一种常见故障,因其早期故障微弱易被忽略,常进一步演变为断齿、缺齿等严重故障。因此非常有必要建立齿根裂纹故障的动力学模型,研究不同程度的齿根裂纹故障对行星齿轮系统动态响应的影响,为行星齿轮的故障诊断与可靠性研究提供必要信息。本文的主要研究工作及结果简述如下:(1)针对现有齿根裂纹模型存在的不足,本文提出了改进的齿根裂纹模型,设定齿根裂纹沿着深度和宽度两个方向同时呈抛物线状扩展,避免了单一方向和直线设定的过分简化引入的误差。基于CREO建立了20种不同程度的齿根裂纹模型,用以模拟齿根裂纹扩展的不同阶段,为后续研究裂纹程度对行星齿轮系统的影响奠定了基础。(2)针对纯刚体模型无法准确反映行星齿轮特征的问题,本文将含齿根裂纹故障的第一级太阳轮和作为级间连接的第一级行星架为柔性体,参照行星齿轮箱实验台,基于CREO、ADAMS和ANSYS,构建了两级行星齿轮箱的刚柔耦合动力学模型,使之能够更准确反映行星齿轮的运行情况,并兼顾计算效率,从而获得系统动态响应,为后续信号分析提供了必要依据。(3)针对含不同裂纹程度的行星齿轮系统,本文通过对振动响应的频谱特征与统计特征的分析,获得裂纹故障对系统影响的定量分析结果。通过对比解析模型,验证了刚柔耦合模型的正确性;对比纯刚体模型和刚柔耦合模型的仿真信号,证明了刚柔耦合模型更适用于故障系统分析;通过对比不同裂纹程度的统计特征,从同深度裂纹和同宽度裂纹两个角度定量分析了齿根裂纹对系统性能的影响,并获得筛选出具有故障灵敏度的指标,为行星齿轮性能退化与可靠性研究提供有价值的参考。(4)以ERPHM实验室的动力传动系统故障诊断综合试验台(DDS)为依托设计实验,通过加工获得不同程度的齿根裂纹故障,在和仿真模型中相同的工况下进行试验与信号采集。分析与验证的结果进一步验证了仿真模型的正确性,并为性能退化与寿命预测实验提供了依据。综上所述,本文在提出改进的齿根裂纹模型的基础上,建立了两级行星齿轮系统的动力学模型,并基于该模型开展了一系列仿真、验证与分析。由此获得的研究结果可为行星齿轮系统故障诊断、预测与可靠性研究提供理论依据,同时为系统实际运行与预警提供实用信息。
[Abstract]:Planetary gear transmission system is often used as the core component of mechanical system because of its excellent performance. It has been widely used in large mechanical equipment such as blower shield machine helicopter and ship etc. However, because of its complex structure, it often works at low speed, heavy load and other bad working conditions, noise and various kinds of faults have seriously affected its safe and reliable operation. According to statistics, root crack is a common fault of gear transmission system, because of its early fault is weak and easy to be ignored, often further developed into broken teeth, tooth defects and other serious faults. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the dynamic model of tooth root crack fault, to study the influence of tooth root crack fault on the dynamic response of planetary gear system, and to provide necessary information for the fault diagnosis and reliability study of planetary gear system. The main research work and results of this paper are summarized as follows: (1) in view of the shortcomings of the existing tooth root crack model, an improved tooth root crack model is proposed in this paper. The tooth root crack propagates parabola along the depth and width simultaneously, which avoids the error caused by the over-simplification of the single direction and the straight line setting. Based on CREO, 20 kinds of tooth root crack models are established to simulate the different stages of tooth root crack growth. It lays a foundation for further study on the influence of crack degree on planetary gear system. (2) aiming at the problem that pure rigid body model can not accurately reflect the characteristics of planetary gear, In this paper, the first stage solar wheel with tooth root crack fault and the first stage planetary frame with interstage connection are considered as flexible bodies. The rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model of two-stage planetary gearbox is constructed based on CREO,ADAMS and ANSYS, referring to the planetary gearbox test table. So that it can more accurately reflect the operation of planetary gear and take into account the calculation efficiency, so as to obtain the dynamic response of the system, which provides the necessary basis for the subsequent signal analysis. (3) for the planetary gear system with different degrees of cracks, By analyzing the spectral and statistical characteristics of the vibration response, the quantitative analysis results of the effect of crack faults on the system are obtained in this paper. The correctness of the rigid-flexible coupling model is verified by comparing the analytical model and the simulation signal of the pure rigid body model and the rigid-flexible coupling model, it is proved that the rigid-flexible coupling model is more suitable for fault system analysis. By comparing the statistical characteristics of different crack levels, the effects of tooth root crack on system performance are quantitatively analyzed from two angles of the same depth crack and the same width crack, and the indexes with fault sensitivity are obtained. It provides a valuable reference for the study of the performance degradation and reliability of planetary gears. (4) based on the design experiment of (DDS), a comprehensive test-bed for power transmission system fault diagnosis in ERPHM laboratory, different degrees of tooth root crack faults are obtained by machining. Experiments and signal acquisition are carried out under the same conditions as in the simulation model. The results of analysis and verification further verify the correctness of the simulation model and provide a basis for performance degradation and life prediction experiments. To sum up, based on the improved root crack model, the dynamic model of two-stage planetary gear system is established, and a series of simulation, verification and analysis are carried out based on the model. The obtained results can provide theoretical basis for fault diagnosis, prediction and reliability research of planetary gear system, as well as practical information for practical operation and early warning of planetary gear system.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH132.425

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