润滑油复合纳米粒子添加剂摩擦学性能的研究

发布时间：2018-12-18 05:29

【摘要】：纳米材料作为润滑油添加剂,能够起到减摩抗磨、自修复等作用,提高润滑性能,具有广泛的应用前景。复合纳米添加剂是发挥了多种纳米粒子的特性,比单一的纳米粒子具有更为优异的摩擦学性能,成为了未来纳米润滑油的研究趋势。现阶段对纳米添加剂摩擦学性能有大量研究报告,但对于纳米粒子在润滑油中分散稳定的研究很少,这也是限制纳米粒子添加剂推广使用的主要因素,此外,现阶段对选择合适的纳米添加剂种类、复配纳米添加剂摩擦学性能的研究都尚有不足。为解决上述问题,本文主要进行了以下实验研究：(1)根据亲水亲油平衡值原理,将Span80.平平加OS-15两种表面活性剂进行复配,研究复配表面活性剂的分散作用机理。(2)选择硬度和熔点较低的软金属纳米Cu和硬度与熔点较高的纳米A1203纳米粒子添加剂进行复配,通过四球摩擦实验,研究复合纳米添加剂的浓度和配比对润滑油摩擦性能的影响。(3)在往复式摩擦磨损试验机上,连续改变实验的载荷和温度,研究载荷和温度对纳米添加剂的影响,特别是高载荷、高温条件下复合纳米添加剂摩擦学性能的研究。实验数据和图片由摩擦试验机、金相显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)和电子能谱仪(EDX)得到,分析复合纳米添加剂的作用机理。主要实验结论为：所配制的复配表面活性剂能适用于不同类型、尺径的微纳米粒子,且分散性能良好,为复合米粒子在润滑油中的分散提供了可行性。复合纳米粒子添加剂浓度为0.5%、配比为Wtcu%:WtAl2O3%=60%:40%时,润滑性能最好,与基础油相比,抗磨性能提高了47.46%,减摩性能提高了28.62%。在高温、高载荷的复杂工况条件下,纳米A1203和Cu的配合使用,起到了相互补充的协同效应,复合纳米润滑油表现出来良好的减摩抗磨性能。
[Abstract]:As an additive of lubricating oil, nano-materials can reduce friction and antiwear, self-repair and improve lubricating performance, so it has a wide application prospect. Composite nano-additives play the role of a variety of nano-particles, and have better tribological properties than single nano-particles, which has become the research trend of nano-lubricating oil in the future. At present, there are a lot of reports on the tribological properties of nano-additives, but there are few studies on the dispersion and stability of nanoparticles in lubricating oil, which is also the main factor limiting the popularization of nano-particle additives. At present, the study on the tribological properties of the compound nano-additives and the proper kinds of nano-additives are still insufficient. In order to solve the above problems, the following experimental studies were carried out in this paper: (1) according to the principle of hydrophilic oil and hydrophilic equilibrium, the Span80. Two kinds of surfactants, plain and OS-15, were mixed, The dispersing mechanism of composite surfactants was studied. (2) soft metal nano-Cu with low hardness and melting point and nano-A1203 nano-particle additive with high melting point were selected for blending. The four-ball friction experiment was carried out. The effects of the concentration and ratio of composite nano-additives on the friction properties of lubricating oil were studied. (3) in the reciprocating friction and wear tester, the experimental load and temperature were continuously changed, and the effects of load and temperature on the nano-additives were studied. Especially, the tribological properties of composite nano-additives under high load and high temperature were studied. The experimental data and pictures were obtained from friction tester, metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electron energy spectrometer (EDX). The mechanism of composite nano-additives was analyzed. The main experimental results are as follows: the compound surfactants can be used in different types of microparticles with different sizes and have good dispersion properties, which provides a feasibility for the dispersion of composite rice particles in lubricating oil. When the additive concentration is 0.5 and the ratio is Wtcu%:WtAl2O3%=60%:40%, the lubricating property is the best. Compared with the base oil, the antiwear property is increased by 47.46 and the antifriction property is improved by 28.62%. Under the complex conditions of high temperature and high load, the cooperation of nano-A1203 and Cu played a synergistic effect on each other, and the composite nano-lubricating oil showed good anti-friction and anti-wear performance.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TH117

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