基于小波分形的旋转机械声发射信号的故障诊断研究

发布时间：2019-02-12 17:50

【摘要】：碰摩是旋转机械运行中的常见故障,对碰摩故障进行及时预警对于保障机组安全具有重要的意义。提出了一种基于小波变换的分形分析方法进行碰摩识别,将声发射碰摩信号分解成不同的频带,计算其方差,最后得到小波分形维数。在转子实验台上分别测得无碰摩、轻微碰摩和严重碰摩3种状态下的声发射信号并进行分析,计算声发射信号的小波分形维数,然后根据分形维数的变化对碰摩状态进行判别。同时对该方法和传统的G-P算法计算出的分形维数进行比较。实验结果表明,分形方法能有效判别碰摩的发生,该方法较G-P算法对碰摩发生的区分度更好。本方法为旋转机械碰摩故障的诊断提供了一条新的途径。
[Abstract]:Rub-impact is a common fault in the operation of rotating machinery. It is of great significance to ensure the safety of units by timely warning of rub-impact faults. This paper presents a fractal analysis method based on wavelet transform for rub-impact identification. The acoustic emission rub-impact signal is decomposed into different frequency bands and its variance is calculated. Finally, the wavelet fractal dimension is obtained. The acoustic emission signals were measured and analyzed on the rotor test bench under the three states of no rub-impact, slight rub-impact and severe rub-impact. The wavelet fractal dimension of the acoustic emission signal was calculated, and then the rub-impact state was judged according to the change of fractal dimension. At the same time, the fractal dimension calculated by this method is compared with the traditional G-P algorithm. The experimental results show that the fractal method can effectively distinguish the occurrence of rub-impact, and this method is better than G-P algorithm in distinguishing the occurrence of rub-impact. This method provides a new way for the diagnosis of rubbing faults of rotating machinery.
【作者单位】：东南大学火电机组振动国家工程研究中心;东南大学能源与环境学院;宁波市自来水有限公司;东南大学信息科学与工程学院;国电投河南电力有限公司技术信息中心;
【基金】：国家工程中心创新能力建设项目(6750100000)
【分类号】：TH17

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