新型阻尼可控磁流体滑动轴承的设计及其性能的研究

发布时间：2019-04-12 19:29

【摘要】：机床的振动是影响加工精度的一个重要因素,其中轴承的振动会直接制约着工件的加工质量,因此,改善轴承的振动一直是制造业提高加工精度的方法之一。磁流体滑动轴承是一种能够实现阻尼可控的滑动轴承,它以一种粘度大小可控的功能性材料—一磁流体作为可控阻尼介质。这种滑动轴承具有结构简单,不需要油路循环系统,粘度可控,减摩性好及加上磁场可自密封等优点,有发展成为一种可主动控制振动的滑动轴承,为制造业的智能化奠定理论基础。本课题针对磁流体滑动轴承性能方面的可控阻尼效果进行了深入的实验研究。首先,采用具有可控阻尼功能的磁流体,研制了一种新型的可控阻尼磁流体轴承,对其磁路和密封进行了重点分析,采用漏磁系数法对可控阻尼滑动轴承的磁路进行了分析,并对结构进行了优化分析,得到了磁路最优的磁流体轴承的设计参数;在此基础上,根据设计的磁流体滑动轴承结构参数,采用Ansys有限元仿真软件,建立了磁流体滑动轴承的磁场分析模型,并对模型进行了磁场仿真分析,对各个不同电流载荷下的轴承工作间隙的磁场强度进行了研究,得到了新型磁流体滑动轴承内部磁感应强度与外加电流之间的关系;通过理论分析,研制了阻尼可控磁流体滑动轴承,基于电涡流位移传感器、数据采集卡、伺服电机等,搭建了磁流体滑动轴承的性能测试系统;最后,通过实验,研究了磁流体滑动轴承的可控阻尼性能,对磁流体滑动轴承的减振效果进行了分析,得到了不同转速、不同电流下磁流体滑动轴承的振动情况,研究结果表明,磁流体轴承具备明显的减振效果,为可控阻尼磁流体轴承的进一步推广应用提供了理论和实验依据。
[Abstract]:The vibration of machine tool is an important factor affecting machining precision, in which the vibration of bearing will directly restrict the machining quality of workpiece. Therefore, improving the vibration of bearing has always been one of the methods to improve machining precision in manufacturing industry. Magnetohydrodynamic sliding bearing (MHD) is a kind of sliding bearing with controllable damping. It takes a kind of functional material with controllable viscosity-magnetic fluid as controllable damping medium. The sliding bearing has the advantages of simple structure, no need of oil circulation system, controllable viscosity, good anti-friction and self-sealing of magnetic field, and has been developed into a kind of sliding bearing which can actively control vibration. It lays a theoretical foundation for the intellectualization of manufacturing industry. In this paper, the controllable damping effect of magnetic fluid sliding bearing is studied deeply. Firstly, a new type of controllable damping magnetic fluid bearing is developed by using the magnetic fluid with controllable damping function. The magnetic circuit and seal of the magnetic circuit and seal are analyzed emphatically. The magnetic circuit of the controllable damping sliding bearing is analyzed by the method of magnetic flux leakage coefficient, and the magnetic circuit of the sliding bearing with controllable damping is analyzed by the method of magnetic flux leakage coefficient. The structure is optimized and the design parameters of the magnetic circuit optimal magnetic fluid bearing are obtained. On this basis, according to the structural parameters of the designed magnetic fluid plain bearing, the magnetic field analysis model of the magnetic fluid plain bearing is established by using the Ansys finite element simulation software, and the magnetic field simulation analysis of the model is carried out. The magnetic field intensity of the bearing working clearance under different current loads is studied. The relationship between the internal magnetic induction intensity and the applied current of the new magnetic fluid sliding bearing is obtained. Based on eddy current displacement sensor, data acquisition card, servomotor and so on, the performance test system of magnetic fluid sliding bearing has been developed through theoretical analysis, and the performance test system of magnetic fluid sliding bearing has been built up based on eddy current displacement sensor, data acquisition card and servo motor. Finally, through the experiment, the controllable damping property of the magnetic fluid sliding bearing is studied, the damping effect of the magnetic fluid sliding bearing is analyzed, and the vibration of the magnetic fluid sliding bearing under different rotating speed and different current is obtained. The results show that the magnetic fluid bearing has obvious damping effect, which provides theoretical and experimental basis for the further popularization and application of controllable damping magnetic fluid bearing.
【学位授予单位】：上海应用技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH133.31

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