滚珠丝杠副的模态和刚度特性分析

发布时间：2019-04-19 09:47

【摘要】：滚珠丝杠副因其具有较高的精度、刚度及其运动的平稳性等特点而被广泛应用于各种精密的工业设备和数控机床中。但是由于高速切削技术的发展需要,对滚珠丝杠副的要求也越来越高,而高转速下的滚珠丝杠会引起振动、噪声及运动的可靠性等一系列问题,需要对滚珠丝杠副的模态和轴向接触刚度进行深入的研究分析。本文从滚珠丝杠副的模态分析入手,分别对滚珠丝杠副进行了自由模态和约束模态分析,得出滚珠丝杠副的各阶频率和振动参数,研究了螺母在丝杠上不同位置时对其模态参数的影响;对滚珠与螺纹滚道组成的结合面进行了建模,在滚珠丝杠副的一个行程范围内对其进行了有限元接触刚度分析,得到不同螺母类型的滚珠丝杠副在受到轴向载荷时的刚度值;对滚珠丝杠副进行了整体轴向刚度ANSYS仿真分析,得出滚珠丝杠副在受到轴向载荷作用时的轴向位移变化量,求出了轴向刚度大小,得到了螺母位置对滚珠丝杠副刚度值的影响规律;搭建了实验台,测量螺母在丝杠不同位置时滚珠丝杠副的整体的轴向刚度,分析螺母位置对其刚度值的影响。通过对滚珠丝杠副的模态分析得出其前六阶的固有频率和振型图,对机床的防震及滚珠丝杠副本身结构探伤具有重要意义。通过对滚珠丝杠副轴向刚度分析,仿真与实验相结合,准确地测出滚珠丝杠副轴向刚度,探究了螺母在丝杠不同位置时对刚度值的影响,为数控机床的控制系统提供精确的控制参数。
[Abstract]:Ball screw pairs have been widely used in various precision industrial equipment and numerical control machine tools because of their high precision, stiffness and stability of motion, etc. The ball screw pair has been widely used in various precision industrial equipment and CNC machine tools because of its high precision, stiffness and smooth motion. However, due to the development of high-speed cutting technology, the requirements for ball screw pairs are getting higher and higher, and the ball screw at high speed will cause a series of problems such as vibration, noise and the reliability of motion, and so on. The modal and axial contact stiffness of ball screw need to be studied deeply. Starting with the modal analysis of ball screw pairs, the free mode and constrained modal analysis of ball screw pairs are carried out, and the frequencies and vibration parameters of ball screw pairs are obtained. The influence of different positions of nut on the modal parameters of screw is studied. The contact stiffness of ball screw pairs in a stroke range is analyzed by finite element method, and the stiffness values of ball screw pairs with different nut types under axial load are obtained by modeling the contact surface of ball screw and screw track. The contact stiffness of ball screw pair under axial load is obtained by finite element analysis in the range of a stroke of ball screw pair and the contact stiffness of ball screw pair is analyzed by finite element method. The whole axial stiffness of ball screw pair is simulated by ANSYS, and the change of axial displacement of ball screw pair under axial load is obtained, and the axial stiffness of ball screw pair is calculated. The effect of nut position on ball screw stiffness is obtained. An experimental platform is set up to measure the overall axial stiffness of the ball screw pair at different positions of the screw and analyze the effect of the position of the nut on the stiffness value of the ball screw pair. Through the modal analysis of ball screw pairs, the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the first six orders are obtained, which is of great significance to the anti-vibration of the machine tool and the inspection of the structure of the ball screw pairs themselves. By analyzing the axial stiffness of ball screw pair, combining simulation with experiment, the axial stiffness of ball screw pair is measured accurately, and the influence of nut on stiffness value of ball screw pair in different position of screw is discussed. Provide accurate control parameters for the control system of NC machine tools.
【学位授予单位】：西安理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH133

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