内燃叉车动力学仿真与振动控制关键技术研究

发布时间：2019-05-18 22:12

【摘要】：内燃叉车是一种具有装载和搬运功能的工业车辆,常用于生产车间、运输港口等场所。内燃叉车在工作过程中产生较大的振动,不仅会使车体结构受到损害,降低叉车的使用寿命;而且会使人感到疲劳,损害驾驶员的身心健康。因此,对内燃叉车进行振动控制,提高其乘坐舒适性是叉车企业重点关注的问题之一。本课题受某叉车企业委托,对某型号内燃叉车振动问题进行研究,主要的研究内容归纳如下:1.进行了内燃叉车振动测试与分析。根据客户的反馈,方向盘在工作过程中的振动较大。本文首先对方向盘、仪表架、传动系统、动力总成悬置进行振动测试;然后对方向盘和仪表架件进行模态测试;最后通过对动力总成悬置传递率和方向盘测试数据的分析,查明了方向盘振动的主要原因,为后续优化方案的设计奠定基础。2.建立了内燃叉车刚柔耦合动力学模型。按照本文建模的需求,将内燃叉车整体结构划分为动力总成、车架、护顶架、前桥、后桥、轮胎等关键部件。通过试验测试,结合厂家提供的数据得到了各零部件的性能参数,建立了内燃叉车刚体模型;并根据振动测试结果,将车架和连接螺栓处理为柔性体模型,导入ADAMS软件中与内燃叉车刚体模型进行装配,建立了内燃叉车刚柔耦合动力学模型。3.进行了内燃叉车动力学仿真与动力总成悬置优化。基于所建内燃叉车刚柔耦合动力学模型,对动力总成悬置的刚度和阻尼进行匹配优化,并对优化结果进行实车验证测试。结果表明,该型号内燃叉车悬置传递率降低,怠速工况下,方向盘振动加速度在原有基础上降低45%以上;其他多个转速工况下,方向盘振动加速度在原有基础上降低20%以上,较好地解决了该型号内燃叉车方向盘振动偏大的问题。4.开发了内燃叉车参数化仿真优化平台。利用ADAMS命令语言进行二次开发,搭建了内燃叉车参数化仿真优化平台,该平台不仅提高了内燃叉车建模、仿真、优化效率,而且为企业后续对相同结构的其他型号内燃叉车振动控制奠定基础。由上所述,本研究所采用的方法和取得的结论具有工程实用价值,对其他型号内燃叉车的振动控制具有一定的指导意义。
[Abstract]:Internal combustion forklift truck is a kind of industrial vehicle with loading and handling function, which is often used in production workshop, transportation port and other places. The internal combustion forklift truck produces great vibration in the working process, which will not only damage the body structure and reduce the service life of the forklift truck, but also make people feel tired and damage the physical and mental health of the driver. Therefore, it is one of the key problems for forklift enterprises to control the vibration of internal combustion forklift and improve its ride comfort. This subject is commissioned by a forklift enterprise to study the vibration of a certain type of internal combustion forklift. The main research contents are summarized as follows: 1. The vibration test and analysis of internal combustion forklift truck are carried out. According to customer feedback, the steering wheel vibrates greatly in the working process. In this paper, the vibration test of steering wheel, instrument frame, transmission system and powertrain mount is carried out, and then the modal test of steering wheel and instrument frame is carried out. Finally, through the analysis of the transmission rate of powertrain mount and the test data of steering wheel, the main causes of steering wheel vibration are found out, which lays the foundation for the design of subsequent optimization scheme. 2. The rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model of internal combustion forklift is established. According to the requirements of this paper, the overall structure of the internal combustion forklift is divided into powertrain, frame, roof guard, front bridge, rear bridge, tire and other key components. Through the test, combined with the data provided by the manufacturer, the performance parameters of each part are obtained, and the rigid body model of the internal combustion forklift truck is established. According to the vibration test results, the frame and connection bolts are treated as flexible body model, and the rigid body model of internal combustion forklift is assembled with the rigid body model of internal combustion forklift in ADAMS software, and the rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model of internal combustion forklift is established. The dynamic simulation and powertrain mount optimization of internal combustion forklift are carried out. Based on the rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model of the built-in combustion forklift, the stiffness and damping of the powertrain mount are matched and optimized, and the optimization results are verified and tested. The results show that the mounting transmission rate of the internal combustion forklift is reduced, and the vibration acceleration of the steering wheel is reduced by more than 45% under idle condition. Under other rotating speed conditions, the vibration acceleration of steering wheel is reduced by more than 20% on the original basis, which solves the problem that the steering wheel vibration of this type of internal combustion forklift truck is too large. 4. The parametric simulation optimization platform of internal combustion forklift truck is developed. The parametric simulation optimization platform of internal combustion forklift is built by using ADAMS command language for secondary development, which not only improves the modeling, simulation and optimization efficiency of internal combustion forklift. And for the enterprise to the same structure of other types of internal combustion forklift vibration control laid the foundation. To sum up, the methods and conclusions obtained in this study are of practical value in engineering and have certain guiding significance for vibration control of other types of internal combustion forklifts.
【学位授予单位】：桂林电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH242

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