无油涡旋压缩机关键技术研究

发布时间：2019-05-21 21:31

【摘要】：涡旋压缩机具有运行平稳、结构紧凑、噪声低、工作效率高等特点,相比于其他形式的压缩机在许多方面有着不可比拟的优势。随着世界各国对环境污染的逐渐重视,无油涡旋压缩机逐渐变成压缩机行业的焦点。目前的无油涡旋压缩机均是把油润的轴承改为自润滑轴承,把防自转装置与动涡盘、机架有接触的表面采用涂层技术涂上一层自润滑材料,使得国内外研究者把无油涡旋压缩机的研究重点放在自润滑材料的寿命及其压缩机发热问题。磁悬浮技术具有无接触、无摩擦、无需润滑等优点,应用于无油涡旋压缩机场合可以解决传统设备所存在的问题。依据磁力驱动技术结构紧凑、控制系统简单等特性,提出一种新型无油涡旋压缩机—磁力驱动式无油涡旋压缩机,并说明了新型涡旋压缩机的设计思想及其工作原理。通过涡旋压缩机各参数理论公式的研究,结合磁力特性对新型压缩机不同型线方案进行优选,并修正了该方案下的压缩机型线。根据新型压缩机参数分析计算出动涡盘所需的背压力与驱动力,利用有限元软件研究了不同尺寸背压元件与不同型号驱动元件的磁路与磁力,并优选出最为合适的元器件。由于动涡盘的受力图是力与转角的关系,而驱动力则为力与气隙的关系,所以通过诱导公式推导出动涡盘所受力与气隙关系的理论公式,并通过理论公式校核了新型压缩机驱动元件的磁力,说明了径向力对涡旋压缩驱动元件的设计影响较小。为了减小动涡盘的振动,对动涡盘进行了六阶约束型模态分析。新型压缩机的控制部分是通过建立的电磁铁差动数学模型、压缩机压缩阻力数学模型来搭建新型压缩机的动力学模型,并建立状态空间方程,通过研究控制系统可控、可观矩阵的线型相关性,得出了该系统为可控可观系统。利用数值分析软件对系统状态空间方程的响应特性与位移特性进行仿真分析,利用LQR控制策略寻找出控制系统的最优控制点,并说明了新型无油涡旋压缩机位移特性仿真的必要性。依据涡旋压缩机研发过程中任务量繁重、缺乏可视化设计工具,开发出磁力驱动式无油涡旋压缩机辅助设计软件,说明了该软件的架构设计与工作流程,对软件后台运行的部分程序做了详细介绍,并说明了该软件的使用方法及其功能,为磁力驱动式无油涡旋压缩机或涡旋压缩的设计与研究提供了参考依据。
[Abstract]:Scroll compressor has the characteristics of stable operation, compact structure, low noise, high working efficiency and so on. Compared with other forms of compressor, scroll compressor has incomparable advantages in many aspects. With the increasing attention to environmental pollution in the world, oil-free scroll compressors have gradually become the focus of compressor industry. At present, all the oil-free scroll compressors change the oil-lubricated bearings into self-lubricating bearings, and apply a layer of self-lubricating material to the surface of the anti-rotation device and the moving scroll disk and the contact surface of the frame by coating technology. So researchers at home and abroad focus on the life of self-lubricating materials and the heating of oil-free scroll compressors. Maglev technology has the advantages of no contact, no friction, no lubrication and so on. It can be used in oil-free scroll compressor to solve the problems existing in traditional equipment. According to the characteristics of compact structure and simple control system of magnetic drive technology, a new type of oil-free scroll compressor, magnetic drive oil-free scroll compressor, is proposed, and the design idea and working principle of the new type of scroll compressor are explained. Based on the study of the theoretical formulas of the parameters of the scroll compressor and the magnetic characteristics, the different profile schemes of the new compressor are optimized, and the compression line under the scheme is modified. According to the parameter analysis and calculation of the back pressure and driving force needed by the new compressor, the magnetic circuit and magnetic force of different size back pressure elements and different types of driving elements are studied by using finite element software, and the most suitable components are selected. Because the force of the moving vortex disk is the relationship between the force and the rotation angle, and the driving force is the relationship between the force and the air gap, the theoretical formula of the relationship between the force and the air gap of the moving vortex disk is derived by the induction formula. The magnetic force of the new compressor driving element is checked by the theoretical formula, and it is shown that the radial force has little influence on the design of the scroll compression driving element. In order to reduce the vibration of the moving vortex disk, the sixth order constrained modal analysis of the moving vortex disk is carried out. The control part of the new compressor is to build the dynamic model of the new compressor through the differential mathematical model of electromagnet and the mathematical model of compressor compression resistance, and to establish the state space equation. The linear correlation of observable matrix is obtained, and it is concluded that the system is controllable observable system. The response characteristics and displacement characteristics of the state space equation of the system are simulated and analyzed by using numerical analysis software, and the optimal control points of the control system are found out by using LQR control strategy. The necessity of simulation of displacement characteristics of a new type of oil-free scroll compressor is also explained. According to the heavy task and lack of visual design tool in the research and development process of scroll compressor, the auxiliary design software of magnetic driven oil-free scroll compressor is developed, and the architecture design and work flow of the software are explained. Some programs running in the background of the software are introduced in detail, and the application method and function of the software are explained, which provides a reference for the design and research of magnetic driven oil-free scroll compressor or scroll compression.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH45

【相似文献】