气穴和热效应影响下高速圆柱轴承特性研究
发布时间：2019-06-10 18:53
【摘要】：在旋转机械快速发展的时代,轴承转子的特性研究也显得愈发重要。滑动轴承具有回转精度高、承载能力强、良好的耐冲击性等一系列优点,因而广泛应用在高速机械中。但在滑动轴承工作时,较高的转速会使摩擦功耗急剧升高,从而导致润滑油膜的温度场和粘度场分布越来越不均匀;同时冲击、压力变化、高转速等因素又会导致原本润滑油中溶解的气体释放出来,或使一些液态润滑油相变成油蒸气,形成气穴现象。所以在研究轴承油膜特性时综合考虑气穴和热效应的影响更加接近实际油膜特征。本文针对动压圆柱轴承和深浅腔动静压圆柱轴承,计入气穴和热效应的影响,建立相关数学模型,并通过有限差分法离散求解,获得油膜的压力分布、密度分布及温度分布,进而计算油膜的特性参数。论文首先引入了气油两相流密度模型和Reynolds粘温模型,推导了变密度变粘度的Reynolds方程和能量方程,并为油膜求解区域设定相应的边界条件。其次通过有限差分法离散微分方程组,并通过松弛法迭代求解,得到不同含气率、不同转速、不同偏心率下润滑油膜各节点的压力、密度、温度、粘度,进而分析了油膜的静、动特性参数,总结各特性参数随影响因素的变化规律。结果分析可知,气穴和热效应都会使圆柱滑动轴承油膜压力峰值降低,且气穴会导致动压圆柱轴承的油膜提前破裂。气穴和热效应对圆柱滑动轴承的静、动特性参数影响很大,且含气率、转速、偏心率的数值越大,影响程度越明显。热效应对承载力和摩擦力的影响较大,而气穴对端泄量的影响较大。本文得出的结论为圆柱滑动轴承在多因素影响下的设计与性能研究提供了理论参考。
[Abstract]:In the era of rapid development of rotating machinery, the research on the characteristics of bearing rotor is becoming more and more important. Sliding bearing has a series of advantages, such as high rotation accuracy, strong bearing capacity, good impact resistance and so on, so it is widely used in high speed machinery. However, when the sliding bearing works, the friction power consumption increases sharply with higher rotating speed, which leads to the uneven distribution of temperature field and viscosity field of lubricating oil film. At the same time, impact, pressure change, high speed and other factors will lead to the release of dissolved gas in the original lubricating oil, or make some liquid lubricating oil phase into oil vapor, forming cavitation phenomenon. Therefore, the effect of cavitation and thermal effect is more close to the actual oil film characteristics when considering the oil film characteristics of bearings. In this paper, the pressure distribution, density distribution and temperature distribution of oil film are obtained by discrete solution of finite difference method, taking into account the influence of cavitation and thermal effect, taking into account the influence of cavitation and thermal effect. Furthermore, the characteristic parameters of the oil film are calculated. In this paper, the gas-oil two-phase flow density model and Reynolds viscosity temperature model are introduced, the Reynolds equation and energy equation with variable density and viscosity are derived, and the corresponding boundary conditions are set for the oil film solution region. Secondly, the finite difference method is used to discretize the differential equations, and the relaxation method is used to solve the equations iteratively. The pressure, density, temperature and viscosity of each node of the lubricating film under different gas content, different rotating speed and different eccentricity are obtained, and then the static of the oil film is analyzed. The dynamic characteristic parameters are summarized, and the variation of each characteristic parameter with the influencing factors is summarized. The results show that both cavitation and thermal effects can reduce the peak oil film pressure of cylindrical sliding bearing, and the cavitation will lead to the early rupture of oil film of dynamic cylindrical bearing. The cavitation and thermal effects have great influence on the static and dynamic characteristic parameters of cylindrical sliding bearings, and the greater the value of gas content, rotating speed and eccentricity, the more obvious the influence degree. The thermal effect has a great influence on the bearing capacity and friction, while the cavitation has a great influence on the end discharge. The conclusions obtained in this paper provide a theoretical reference for the design and performance of cylindrical sliding bearings under the influence of many factors.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH133.3
[Abstract]:In the era of rapid development of rotating machinery, the research on the characteristics of bearing rotor is becoming more and more important. Sliding bearing has a series of advantages, such as high rotation accuracy, strong bearing capacity, good impact resistance and so on, so it is widely used in high speed machinery. However, when the sliding bearing works, the friction power consumption increases sharply with higher rotating speed, which leads to the uneven distribution of temperature field and viscosity field of lubricating oil film. At the same time, impact, pressure change, high speed and other factors will lead to the release of dissolved gas in the original lubricating oil, or make some liquid lubricating oil phase into oil vapor, forming cavitation phenomenon. Therefore, the effect of cavitation and thermal effect is more close to the actual oil film characteristics when considering the oil film characteristics of bearings. In this paper, the pressure distribution, density distribution and temperature distribution of oil film are obtained by discrete solution of finite difference method, taking into account the influence of cavitation and thermal effect, taking into account the influence of cavitation and thermal effect. Furthermore, the characteristic parameters of the oil film are calculated. In this paper, the gas-oil two-phase flow density model and Reynolds viscosity temperature model are introduced, the Reynolds equation and energy equation with variable density and viscosity are derived, and the corresponding boundary conditions are set for the oil film solution region. Secondly, the finite difference method is used to discretize the differential equations, and the relaxation method is used to solve the equations iteratively. The pressure, density, temperature and viscosity of each node of the lubricating film under different gas content, different rotating speed and different eccentricity are obtained, and then the static of the oil film is analyzed. The dynamic characteristic parameters are summarized, and the variation of each characteristic parameter with the influencing factors is summarized. The results show that both cavitation and thermal effects can reduce the peak oil film pressure of cylindrical sliding bearing, and the cavitation will lead to the early rupture of oil film of dynamic cylindrical bearing. The cavitation and thermal effects have great influence on the static and dynamic characteristic parameters of cylindrical sliding bearings, and the greater the value of gas content, rotating speed and eccentricity, the more obvious the influence degree. The thermal effect has a great influence on the bearing capacity and friction, while the cavitation has a great influence on the end discharge. The conclusions obtained in this paper provide a theoretical reference for the design and performance of cylindrical sliding bearings under the influence of many factors.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH133.3
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