基于危险源影响的地铁车站乘客疏散仿真模型

发布时间：2018-01-03 19:28

本文关键词：基于危险源影响的地铁车站乘客疏散仿真模型　出处：《系统工程理论与实践》2016年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为研究地铁车站在危险源突发事件条件下乘客主观能动性和外界环境对疏散过程的影响,结合危险源场景特征对乘客疏散过程进行社会力分析,建立基于危险源的社会力模型.模型考虑了乘客的主观能动性,调整自驱动力中期望速度大小和方向的确定方法及更新规则,并针对外界环境的影响,引入危险源对乘客的排斥力.以上海地铁某车站站台层为场景进行算例应用及分析,仿真结果表明:模型能较好地模拟危险源突发事件下乘客疏散过程.为减少疏散时间,车站疏散组织工作要安排乘客合理绕行,控制危险源范围,当车站密度小时,要提高乘客期望速度,而车站密度大时,则要提高瓶颈的通行效率.
[Abstract]:In order to study the influence of passengers' subjective initiative and external environment on the evacuation process of subway station under the condition of dangerous source emergencies, the social force analysis of passenger evacuation process is carried out in combination with the hazard source scene characteristics. A model of social force based on hazard source is established. The model takes into account the subjective initiative of passengers, adjusts the determination method and updating rules of expected speed and direction in self-driving force, and aims at the influence of external environment. This paper introduces the repulsive force of the dangerous source to passengers. Taking the platform layer of a Shanghai subway station as the scene, the application and analysis of the example are carried out. The simulation results show that the model can well simulate the evacuation process of passengers under the emergency of danger source. In order to reduce the evacuation time, the evacuation organization of the station should arrange the passengers to make a reasonable detour and control the range of the danger source. When the station density is low, the expected speed of passengers should be increased, and the efficiency of bottleneck should be improved when the station density is high.
【作者单位】：同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(71271153,51408323) 浙江省自然科学基金(LQ13G010010)~~
【分类号】：U298
【正文快照】： 1 引言地铁车站客流密集,尤其是早晚高峰时期,安全隐患很大.较非危险源突发事件而言,发生危险源突发事件,如火灾、爆炸、毒气等,往往带来的后果更为严峻,会造成更多的人员伤亡和财产损失.1987年11月18日晚19点29分,英国伦敦国王十字地铁站发生重大火灾,造成31人死亡,100多人

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