液化天然气产业化利用的安全风险评估

发布时间：2018-01-09 11:17

本文关键词：液化天然气产业化利用的安全风险评估　出处：《天津大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

更多相关文章： 液化天然气 HAZID 低温翻滚 风险评估

【摘要】：随着世界经济的快速发展,能源的需求不可或缺,而日益恶化的生存环境、气候变化使得优化能源结构迫在眉睫。作为低碳、清洁、高效、廉价的优质能源,天然气备受青睐,有望取代煤炭和石油成为新一代主导能源。液化天然气(LNG)利用方式很好地解决了天然气供需矛盾间的运输和储存问题,逐步形成了全球产业化。液化天然气的易燃易爆性和低温特性更加剧了液化天然气产业链的安全风险。因此,对液化天然气利用方式进行全面的风险分析成为目前能源替代领域亟待解决的重要研究课题。本文将从LNG生产、运输及储存的多方位角度,对LNG利用方式进行产业链式的安全分析,深度剖析液化天然气行业存在的风险问题,并提出预防措施。本文利用HAZID分析方法对LNG的生产、储存和运输产业链进行了风险辨识,结合DNV PHAST软件对LNG产业各种潜在风险进行定量计算。分析了原料气运行压力和混合冷剂配比对LNG生产中液化性能对经济性的影响,提出了优化建议。从流体力学和传热传质学角度分析了LNG储运系统的不稳定性因素,用特征数来表征失稳,并构建了一套强化LNG储运系统稳定性的解决方案。最后从华白数入手,对气化LNG、BOG与管道天然气的互换性进行了分析,探索LNG应急气化到管网时,下游用户的燃气设备的适用性,从而分析LNG作为应急调峰气源的可行性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the world economy, energy demand is indispensable, and the deteriorating living environment, climate change makes it urgent to optimize the energy structure. As a low-carbon, clean, efficient and cheap high-quality energy. Natural gas is favored, which is expected to replace coal and oil as the new generation of dominant energy. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) use method to solve the problem of transportation and storage between supply and demand of natural gas. The flammable and explosive properties of liquefied natural gas (LNG) and the characteristics of low temperature have aggravated the safety risk of LNG industry chain. Comprehensive risk analysis of LNG utilization mode has become an important research topic in the field of energy substitution. This paper will focus on the production, transportation and storage of LNG. In this paper, the industrial chain safety analysis of LNG utilization mode is carried out, the risk problems in LNG industry are deeply analyzed, and the preventive measures are put forward. This paper uses HAZID analysis method to produce LNG. Risk identification was carried out in the storage and transport industry chain. Combined with DNV PHAST software, various potential risks in LNG industry were quantitatively calculated, and the effects of raw gas operating pressure and ratio of mixed coolant on the economy of LNG production were analyzed. From the point of view of fluid mechanics and heat and mass transfer, the unstable factors of LNG storage and transportation system are analyzed, and the instability is characterized by characteristic numbers. A solution to enhance the stability of LNG storage and transportation system is constructed. Finally, the interchangeability between gasified LNG-BOG and pipeline natural gas is analyzed from Huabai number. The applicability of downstream gas equipment for LNG emergency gasification to pipeline network is explored, and the feasibility of LNG as an emergency peak-shaving gas source is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TE687

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