承压类特种设备应急风险管理研究

发布时间：2018-01-21 00:48

本文关键词： 承压类特种设备风险评估框架定性/定量评估涉氨企业　出处：《华东理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：作为上海市特种设备应急管理平台建设总体规划中基础风险研究的一部分,本文针对承压类特种设备进行了风险管理的研究。承压设备风险管理能有效的辨识危险源、评估风险,并针对不同风险等级的企业采取措施,保证其安全运行。鉴于承压设备数量大、危险性高,监察力量不足等问题,本文提出了基于单台设备风险为基础的承压特种设备风险管理框架和方法,为监察单位分类监管和应急管理平台建设提供技术支持。本文的主要研究内容如下：(1)提出以单台设备风险(失效可能性×后果)为基础,企业风险、区域风险等为指标的风险评估框架。该框架包含设备状况、安全附件、人员培训以及安全管理等方面的内容,并据此框架提出了定性、定量风险评估法。(2)定性评估法以设备运行状态和所含介质危险性为基础,借鉴筛选分析思路,结合实际情况,确立了一套从设备风险到企业风险的评估方法。定量评估法融合API 581中的算法,考虑设备可能发生的损伤并详细计算,最终得到各风险指标的量化值。(3)各风险指标计算中运用了不同的数学方法来保证计算的准确性。从设备风险到区域风险计算中,使用了叠加、最大化思想以及基于事故统计信息的动态权重值等方法,保证了风险指标的准确性和动态性。(4)针对涉氨企业的特点制定了安全检查表,并通过筛选重点检查指标考查涉氨企业的安全状况,为有关部门制定监察计划提供依据。同时,根据涉氨企业的调研情况,确定了风险评估中各个修正因子。(5)根据涉氨企业的危险辨识、实地调研和计算分析,提出了管道焊接修正因子Fpipeweld。使用定性方法评估BS区14家涉氨企业,获得企业风险分布情况,分析各企业风险并制定相应的安全措施。此外,对于储氨量最大的冷库O进行定量风险评估,掌握该企业的风险情况,验证两种方法的可行性和一致性。
[Abstract]:As a part of the basic risk research in the overall planning of the emergency management platform for special equipment in Shanghai. In this paper, the research on risk management for special pressure equipment is carried out. The risk management of pressure equipment can effectively identify the risk source, assess the risk, and take measures for enterprises with different risk levels. To ensure its safe operation. In view of the large number of pressurized equipment, high risk, insufficient supervisory power and other problems, this paper puts forward a risk management framework and method of special pressure equipment based on the risk of a single equipment. The main research contents of this paper are as follows: 1) based on the risk of single equipment (failure possibility 脳 consequence), the enterprise risk is proposed. A risk assessment framework for which regional risk is an indicator. The framework includes information on equipment status, safety accessories, personnel training and safety management, and is defined accordingly. Quantitative risk assessment method. 2) the qualitative evaluation method is based on the operating state of the equipment and the risk of the medium contained in it. The method of screening and analysis is used for reference and combined with the actual situation. This paper establishes a set of evaluation methods from equipment risk to enterprise risk. Quantitative evaluation method integrates the algorithm of API 581 and considers the possible damage of equipment and calculates the damage in detail. Finally, the quantitative value of each risk index is obtained. (3) different mathematical methods are used to ensure the accuracy of the calculation in the calculation of each risk index. From the equipment risk to the regional risk calculation, the superposition is used. The idea of maximization and the dynamic weight value based on accident statistics ensure the accuracy and dynamic of the risk index. And through the screening of key inspection indicators to check the safety situation of ammonia enterprises, for the relevant departments to formulate monitoring plans. At the same time, according to the research situation of ammonia enterprises. According to the risk identification, field investigation and calculation analysis of the ammonia enterprises, each correction factor in the risk assessment is determined. The pipeline welding correction factor Fpipeweld. the qualitative method is used to evaluate 14 ammonia enterprises in BS area, and the risk distribution of the enterprises is obtained. The risk of each enterprise is analyzed and the corresponding safety measures are worked out. In addition, the risk assessment of the cold storage O with the largest ammonia storage capacity is carried out, the risk situation of the enterprise is grasped, and the feasibility and consistency of the two methods are verified.
【学位授予单位】：华东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X924.4

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