地质勘查施工项目风险分级管理

发布时间：2018-01-26 18:19

本文关键词： 地质勘查危险源风险评价指标分级管理对策　出处：《中国地质大学（北京）》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前，我国正处在经济持续、健康、快速发展时期，对于矿产资源的需求量逐年加大，，矿产勘查投人连创新高，勘查经费快速增长，加速增长的营业利润和健康发展的地矿经济将矿产市场和地勘工作带出低谷。作为基础产业和基础工作的地质勘察是国家建设经济、发展国防和基础建设不可或缺的。地质勘查施工是一个多工种、多工序互相协作配合的系统工程，勘查施工项目多在人烟稀少、高海拔、交通通信不便、地理和气象条件复杂的地区，具有作业分散、点多线长、高度流动的特点，安全管理难度大，加之多年来地勘单位对勘查施工项目始终采用较为单一的粗放型安全管理模式，施工过程中潜在的不安全因素较多，如不加强防范管控，随之而来的各类事故和伤害事件在损害职工生命安全的同时也会导致国家财产蒙受损失。为帮助地勘单位改进项目安全管理模式，实现风险分级管理，同时为提高安全管理效率提供科学的方法和手段，本文首先介绍了地质勘查项目施工的基本程序和分项工程，以事故致因理论为基础从人的不安全行为、物的不安全状态、不良的环境条件和管理缺陷四个方面对地质勘查施工项目存在的危险源进行了辨识分析，结合施工特点对地质勘查项目施工中的物体击打、车辆事故、机器伤害、起重损害、电击、溺亡、火患、高处掉落、中毒和窒息等9种事故的规律进行了研究，然后根据安全系统工程理论从人、技、物、环、管五个方面对地质勘查综合安全评价指标进行了提炼，确定了26个综合安全评价指标，利用层次分析法并通过专家咨询、收集资料和实际调研确定了各综合安全评价指标的权重，建立了安全风险评价模型，最后根据风险评价模型制订了地质勘查项目风险评分表，划分了安全风险等级，并结合工程实际应用评估结果从安全工程技术、安全教育和安全管理三个方面制订了对策措施。本文的研究成果对把握地质勘查安全事故规律，改进安全管理模式，提高安全管控质量，维护职工安全健康，帮助减少事故发生有着积极作用，为地质勘查综合安全分析和风险分级管理奠定了理论基础。
[Abstract]:At present, China is in a period of sustained, healthy and rapid economic development. The demand for mineral resources is increasing year by year. Accelerated growth of operating profits and healthy development of the geological and mineral economy will bring the mineral market and geological prospecting work out of the valley. As a basic industry and basic work geological survey is the national construction economy. Development of national defense and infrastructure is indispensable. Geological exploration and construction is a multi-work, multi-process cooperation with each other in the system engineering, exploration and construction projects are sparsely populated, high altitude, transportation and communication inconvenience. Areas with complex geographical and meteorological conditions are characterized by scattered operations, long points and lines, high mobility, and difficult safety management. In addition, for many years, geological prospecting units have always adopted a single extensive safety management model for exploration and construction projects, and there are many potential unsafe factors in the construction process, such as not strengthening prevention and control. All kinds of accidents and injuries that follow will damage the life and safety of workers and also lead to the loss of state property. In order to help geological prospecting units to improve the project safety management model, to achieve risk classification management, and to improve the efficiency of safety management to provide scientific methods and means. This paper first introduces the basic procedures and sub-projects of geological exploration project construction, based on the theory of accident causes, from the unsafe behavior of human beings and the unsafe state of objects. Bad environmental conditions and management defects in four aspects of geological exploration construction projects to identify and analyze the risk sources, combined with the construction characteristics of the geological exploration projects in the construction of objects hit, vehicle accidents. Nine kinds of accidents, such as machine injury, lifting damage, electric shock, drowning, fire, falling from high place, poisoning and asphyxiation, were studied, and then according to the theory of safety system engineering, people, techniques, objects and rings were studied. The comprehensive safety evaluation index of geological exploration is refined from five aspects, 26 comprehensive safety evaluation indexes are determined, and the AHP method is used to consult with experts. The weight of each comprehensive safety evaluation index is determined by collecting data and actual investigation, and the safety risk assessment model is established. Finally, the risk scoring table of geological exploration project is established according to the risk evaluation model. The safety risk grade is classified, and the countermeasures are made from three aspects: safety engineering technology, safety education and safety management. The research results of this paper play a positive role in grasping the law of geological exploration safety accidents, improving the safety management mode, improving the quality of safety control, maintaining the safety and health of staff and workers, and helping to reduce the occurrence of accidents. It lays a theoretical foundation for comprehensive safety analysis and risk classification management of geological exploration.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学（北京）
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P624.8

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