中国乡镇煤矿事故原因及对策深层次分析研究

发布时间：2018-01-26 23:40

本文关键词： 统计分析乡镇煤矿煤矿事故深层次分析　出处：《湖南科技大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：经过改革开放以来几十年的发展，中国现在已经傲立于世界的东方，国际地位日益提高，综合国力不断增强，然而旧有的粗放型经济增长模式的潜力已经消耗殆尽，我国的能源供给也已经几近极限。在这个国家转型的当口，我们回过头来看一下煤矿安全问题，会得到新的启发。中国的经济发展模式必须要有稳定的能源供给，对于能源结构储量非常不均衡的我国来说，这一重担非煤炭行业莫属。因而煤矿行业直接关系到我国经济建设的能源保障和能源战略的顺利实施，煤矿安全问题的重要性不言而喻。而在2005-2012年的煤矿事故中，只占有煤炭总产量36.1%的乡镇煤矿所发生的事故死亡人数却占有事故总死亡人数的72.5%，乡镇煤矿安全地位凸显的同时这一不协调的比例也让我们对乡镇煤矿事故发起深思。本文通过分类统计近几年的煤矿安全事故，，分析出我国煤矿安全总体趋势和乡镇煤矿事故特点：在我国煤矿安全不断趋于好转的大形势下，乡镇煤矿事故依旧占据全国煤矿事故的主体地位，其中以瓦斯和顶板事故为主。并以此为数据支持和大背景分析乡镇煤矿事故的各种成因。经研究发现，主要成因包括自然开采条件、技术装备水平、安全管理与人才储备、监察监管、法律法规及标准化等方面。分析论证得出自然开采条件和技术水平属于既定条件，是煤矿事故的直接原因；管理、监管、法律等方面的问题，含有历史遗留问题，归根到底是社会、经济原因形成的。进而论证这一观点并分析具体的社会、经济问题所在。经论证显示：乡镇煤矿事故的深层次原因包括我国的经济形式对能源的依赖，对煤炭的依赖；煤炭行业并没有取得与其在国民经济、社会、国家安全中重要程度相适应的地位和政策环境，乡镇煤矿在煤炭行业内也备受歧视；客观存在的经济杠杆使乡镇煤矿企业主备受煎熬；乡镇煤矿经常发生的“官煤勾结、权钱交易”现象内在的社会原因等问题。这些原因组成了乡镇煤矿事故频发的深层次社会、经济原因。最后，根据找到的社会、经济原因提炼出在技术、设备、管理、人才培养、立法与监管等方面的措施，以期能够对乡镇煤矿事故频发的现状有所帮助，并向从事煤矿安全研究的学者提供一种新的视角和思路，希望能对煤矿安全问题贡献微薄之力。
[Abstract]:After decades of development since the reform and opening up, China is now proud of the East of the world, increasing its international status and increasing its comprehensive national strength. However, the potential of the old extensive economic growth model has been exhausted, and the energy supply of our country is already near the limit. At the time of the transition of this country, we should look back at the problem of coal mine safety. Will be inspired by new ideas. China's economic development model must have a stable energy supply, for the energy structure of our country is very uneven. This burden is not the coal industry, so the coal industry is directly related to the economic construction of China's energy security and the smooth implementation of energy strategy. The importance of coal mine safety is self-evident. Only 36.1% coal production in the township coal mine accidents occurred in the number of deaths, but accounted for 72.5% of the total number of deaths from accidents. While the safety status of township coal mine is prominent, this uncoordinated proportion also makes us think deeply about the township coal mine accident. Based on the classification and statistics of coal mine safety accidents in recent years, this paper analyzes the general trend of coal mine safety in China and the characteristics of township coal mine accidents. Township coal mine accidents still occupy the main position of coal mine accidents in China, in which gas and roof accidents are the main ones. The main causes include natural mining conditions, technical equipment level, safety management and talent reserve, supervision and supervision. From the aspects of laws, regulations and standardization, it is concluded that the natural mining conditions and technical level belong to the established conditions, which is the direct cause of coal mine accidents. Management, supervision, law and other aspects of the problems, including historical problems, in the final analysis is the social, economic reasons, and then demonstrate this point of view and analyze the specific society. The results show that the deep-seated causes of township coal mine accidents include the dependence of economic forms on energy and coal in China; The coal industry has not obtained the status and policy environment suitable to its importance in the national economy, society and national security, and the township coal mine is also subject to discrimination in the coal industry. The existence of objective economic leverage makes the township coal mine owners suffer; The inherent social causes of the phenomenon of "collusion between government and coal, trading of power and money" often occur in township coal mines, which constitute the deep-seated social and economic causes of frequent accidents in township coal mines. Finally, according to the social and economic reasons found out in technology, equipment, management, talent training, legislation and supervision and other measures, in order to help the township coal mine accidents. It also provides a new perspective and train of thought to the scholars engaged in coal mine safety research, hoping to contribute to coal mine safety problem.
【学位授予单位】：湖南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TD771

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