带电细水雾灭火效能的实验研究

发布时间：2018-01-29 13:18

本文关键词： 带电细水雾高压直流电源荷质比灭火效能　出处：《沈阳航空航天大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着社会经济发展，科学技术的革新，，用火、用电、用气、用油与日俱增，引发火灾的因素复杂多样，且呈立体化发展。细水雾以对环境友好、灭火迅速、耗水量低、破坏性小等特点，被看作卤代烷的主要替代品，已获得火灾科学研究领域的基本共识。但是，以往的工作主要关注细水雾与多种类型火灾的灭火效果，对如何提高细水雾灭火效率的研究相对较少，将带电细水雾应用于灭火的研究则更为少见。本文根据静电感应原理给细水雾荷电，通过荷质比来反映荷电效果，实验研究了带电细水雾的灭火效能。首先，结合液滴的带电机理，采用感应荷电方式设计了使细水雾强制带电的装置，建立了细水雾感应荷电过程的电学模型。其次，参照孤立导体的电容分布原理搭建了测量荷质比的实验平台，在不同电压、电极环半径和角度、感应电极间距的条件下，通过测量荷质比来评价细水雾的荷电效果。最后，为了将其应用化，自行研制了小型高压直流电源，并进行了带电细水雾的灭火实验，通过灭火时间、温度变化以及烟气成分分析了带电细水雾灭火效能的影响因素。结果表明：双环电极方式的感应荷电效能最高，并且带电雾滴的荷质比随着电压的升高、电极环半径和角度以及感应电极间距的减小而增大，荷质比越大，荷电效果越好。同时，带电细水雾能够有效地降低火焰温度、促进燃料的不完全燃烧，而且荷负电要比荷正电具有更好的抑制效果，随着电压的升高、电极环半径、感应电极间距的减小，灭火效能提高，熄灭时间减少。
[Abstract]:With the development of society and economy, the innovation of science and technology, using fire, electricity, gas and oil are increasing with each passing day, the factors that cause fire are complex and diverse, and the water mist is friendly to the environment and extinguishes the fire quickly. The characteristics of low water consumption and low destructive, are regarded as the main alternatives to halogenated alkanes, which has gained the basic consensus in the field of fire scientific research. The previous work mainly focused on the fire extinguishing effect of water mist and various types of fire. The research on how to improve the fire extinguishing efficiency of water mist is relatively few, and the research on the application of live water mist to fire extinguishing is more rare. According to the principle of electrostatic induction, the charging effect of water mist is reflected by charging mass ratio, and the fire extinguishing efficiency of charged water mist is studied experimentally. Firstly, combined with the charged mechanism of liquid droplets. A device for forcing water mist to charge is designed by means of inductive charging. The electrical model of water mist induced charging process is established. Secondly. According to the principle of capacitance distribution of isolated conductors, an experimental platform is built to measure the charge / mass ratio under different voltage, radius and angle of the electrode ring, and inductive electrode spacing. The charging effect of water mist was evaluated by measuring the charge / mass ratio. Finally, in order to apply it, a small high voltage DC power supply was developed, and the fire extinguishing experiment of charged water mist was carried out, and the fire extinguishing time was passed. The influence factors of fire extinguishing efficiency of charged water mist were analyzed by temperature change and smoke composition. The results show that the double ring electrode has the highest inductive charge efficiency, and the charge / mass ratio of the charged droplet increases with the increase of voltage, the radius and angle of the electrode ring and the distance between the inductive electrodes, and the charge / mass ratio increases with the increase of the voltage. At the same time, charged water mist can effectively reduce the flame temperature, promote the incomplete combustion of fuel, and charge negative charge than positive charge has a better inhibition effect, with the increase of voltage. The radius of the electrode ring, the reduction of the distance between the inductive electrodes, the improvement of the fire extinguishing efficiency and the decrease of the extinguishing time.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU892

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