二维海上溢油扩散预测模型及其在广西近海的应用

发布时间：2018-02-24 15:04

本文关键词： MIKE21 广西近海溢油风场模拟　出处：《长沙理工大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着经济的发展，广西近海海域的溢油污染风险不断增大。溢油事故一旦发生，不仅对海域的污染范围广，而且对海洋生物、海岸环境以及人类自身都会造成危害，同时也制约了当地经济的发展。对此，研究广西近海海域溢油事故发生后油膜的漂移扩散情况是具有重要的理论和实际意义的。本文应用MIKE21软件，建立了广西近海二维溢油模型。采用不同溢油影响因子的工况组合，研究广西近海溢油的行为归宿。主要研究内容包括：（1）利用MIKE21HD模块模拟广西近海海域的潮流特性，根据实测资料对其进行验证，其结果是适用于实际情况的，可以为溢油模块提供水动力数据。（2）利用MIKE21OS模块加载广西近海水动力数据，建立广西近海二维溢油模型，基于“油粒子”思想模拟溢油的漂移、风化等过程。“油粒子”模型就是把油膜分散为大量的粒子，每个粒子代表着一定体积的溢油。粒子的随机走动模拟了油膜的漂移过程，风化作用可以通过粒子的质量损失和热量交换来表示。（3）通过油膜的漂移方向、影响范围等角度，详细研究风况、潮流、溢油事故发生位置以及溢油量等因素对海上溢油的影响。研究发现，风场是油膜漂移方向的最大影响因素。选取不同气象条件、不同事故发生位置等工况组合，，结合广西近海二维溢油模型进行模拟分析。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy, the risk of oil spill in the coastal waters of Guangxi is increasing. Once the oil spill accident occurs, it will not only cause a wide range of pollution to the sea area, but also endanger marine life, coastal environment and human beings themselves. At the same time, it also restricts the development of the local economy. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the oil film drift and diffusion after the oil spill accident in the offshore waters of Guangxi. This paper applies MIKE21 software, The two-dimensional oil spill model of Guangxi offshore is established. The behavior of Guangxi offshore oil spill is studied by using different operating condition combination of oil spill factors. The main research contents are as follows:. 1) the MIKE21HD module is used to simulate the tidal current characteristics in the offshore waters of Guangxi, and the results are verified according to the measured data. The results are applicable to the actual situation and can provide hydrodynamic data for the oil spill module. Using the MIKE21OS module to load the hydrodynamic data of Guangxi offshore waters, a two-dimensional oil spill model is established, and the process of oil spill drift and weathering is simulated based on the idea of "oil particle". The "oil particle" model is to disperse the oil film into a large number of particles. Each particle represents a certain volume of oil spills. The random walk of particles simulates the drift process of the oil film and the weathering can be expressed by the mass loss and heat exchange of the particles. 3) from the angle of drift direction and influence range of oil film, the influence of wind condition, tidal current, location of oil spill accident and oil spill amount on oil spill at sea are studied in detail. Wind field is the biggest influence factor of oil film drift direction. Different meteorological conditions, different accident location and other working conditions are selected to simulate and analyze the oil spill model in Guangxi coastal waters.
【学位授予单位】：长沙理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U698.7

【参考文献】