突出危险煤层群卸压瓦斯抽采技术优化及防突可靠性研究

发布时间：2018-02-26 03:36

  本文关键词： 突出危险煤层群 卸压瓦斯抽采 指标体系 可靠性　出处：《中国矿业大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：针对我国瓦斯动力灾害事故的严重性和近年来保护层开采与卸压瓦斯抽采技术发展趋势，本文以岩体力学、弹性力学等基础理论为指导，以数值模拟、现场考察等方法为途径，对煤层群条件下保护层开采后其上覆和下伏煤岩体应力分布规律、裂隙发育演化过程展开了较为全面的理论研究。在理论研究的基础上，对当前卸压瓦斯抽采方法进行了总结优化，构建了保护层开采及卸压瓦斯抽采技术的评价指标体系，，同时对保护层开采及卸压瓦斯抽采技术的可靠性和过程控制技术进行了初步研究。论文的研究内容对煤层群条件下保护层开采及卸压瓦斯抽采技术的实际运用有重要理论指导意义。 论文研究了不同保护层层位条件下，顶底板围岩应力与围岩移动变形随开采长度及层间距的变化规律。在理论研究的基础上，结合卸压瓦斯抽采技术的发展和应用实例，分析各瓦斯抽采模式具体应用下的基本煤层地质条件、卸压瓦斯抽采效果及开采验证情况，优化了瓦斯抽采方法和工艺参数，总结获得各抽采模式的适用条件，为瓦斯治理工程的总体设计规划提供例证和参考。 基于保护层开采及卸压瓦斯抽采技术工艺流程特点，对方案设计、瓦斯抽采、效果检验和效果验证四个环节，提出了“基本指标”、“瓦斯抽采参数设计指标”、“保护范围划定指标”、“卸压增透效果指标”、“瓦斯抽采效果指标”、“效果检验指标”和“效果验证指标”7个一级指标，其下又涵盖了20个二级指标。在大量现场统计数据的基础上，确立了相应的指标临界值，构建了保护层开采指标体系，为保护层开采及卸压瓦斯抽采的设计、瓦斯抽采、效果评价、保护范围的划定、可靠性评价和防突过程控制提供了科学依据。 创新性的将可靠性理论引入保护层开采技术应用中，归纳了七类影响保护层开采技术可靠性的主要因素，提出相应的评价指标，建立了由目标层，准则层和子准则层构成的可靠性评价体系。基于层次分析法基本理论，通过构造判断矩阵计算各层次指标重要性权重的方法。并将计算结果，按其对可靠性影响的重要度分为“重要”（权重值≥0.06）、“较重要”（0.03≤权重值＜0.06）和“一般”（权重值＜0.03）三个层次。其中，“被保护层瓦斯抽采设计”、“卸压瓦斯抽采程度”、“煤柱留设”、“未保护区管理”和“防突过程控制”5项指标属于“重要”指标，可对提高保护层开采技术的可靠性产生直接影响，需特别关注。 最后以现有煤矿瓦斯治理模式特点为基础，引入过程控制的概念，构建了煤矿瓦斯治理总过程模型及典型子过程模型，提出瓦斯治理过程各参数的跟踪控制方法，并将瓦斯治理过程控制智能系统应用于祁南煤矿的713工作面掘进过程中的过程控制，取得了较好的效果，初步实现了瓦斯治理过程的规范化和程序化。
[Abstract]:In view of the severity of gas dynamic disasters in China and the development trend of protective layer mining and pressure relief gas extraction technology in recent years, this paper is guided by the basic theories of rock mechanics, elastic mechanics, numerical simulation, field investigation and so on. In this paper, the stress distribution law of overlying and underlying coal and rock mass and the process of fracture development and evolution under the condition of coal seam group mining are studied in a more comprehensive way. This paper summarizes and optimizes the current method of unpressurized gas extraction, and constructs the evaluation index system of protective layer mining and pressure relief gas drainage technology. At the same time, the reliability and process control technology of protective layer mining and pressure-relief gas drainage technology are studied preliminarily. The practical application of protective layer mining and pressure-relief gas drainage technology under the condition of coal seam group is discussed in this paper. Important theoretical guidance significance. In this paper, the variation of surrounding rock stress and surrounding rock movement and deformation with mining length and interval under different protection layers is studied. On the basis of theoretical research, the development and application of pressure relief gas extraction technology are discussed. This paper analyzes the basic coal seam geological conditions under the specific application of each gas drainage mode, the effect of gas extraction under pressure relief and the mining verification, optimizes the gas drainage methods and technological parameters, and summarizes the applicable conditions of each drainage mode. To provide examples and references for the overall design planning of gas control project. Based on the technical process characteristics of protective layer mining and pressure relief gas extraction, four links, including scheme design, gas drainage, effect test and effect verification, are introduced. The paper puts forward seven first class indexes such as "basic index", "parameter design index of gas drainage", "index of delineation of protection scope", "index of anti-permeability effect of pressure relief", "index of effect of gas drainage", "index of effect test" and "index of effect verification". On the basis of a large number of field statistical data, the critical value of relevant indexes is established, and the index system of protective layer mining is constructed, which is used for the design of protective layer mining and pressure-relief gas drainage. Evaluation of effect, delineation of protection range, reliability evaluation and control of anti-outburst process provide scientific basis. This paper introduces the reliability theory into the application of protective layer mining technology, sums up seven kinds of main factors that affect the reliability of protective layer mining technology, puts forward the corresponding evaluation index, and establishes the target layer. Based on the basic theory of Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), the method of calculating the importance weight of indexes at each level by constructing judgment matrix is presented. According to the importance degree of its influence on reliability, it can be divided into three levels: "important" (weight value 鈮

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