北斗导航通讯技术在海事安全管理中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 19:38

本文选题：北斗卫星　切入点：海事　出处：《集美大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着航运业的发展,海上交通安全形势日趋严峻。目前,船舶交通管理系统(VTS)通过AIS系统提供的船舶动静态数据,对船舶进行动态监控,己经很大程度解决了海事安全管理的监控需求,但在实际操作过程中依然存在监控范围受AIS基站覆盖范围限制、基站设备维护成本较高、无法进行直接双向沟通、港内船舶AIS终端安装不规范等问题。因此,借助现代科技,特别是通信、电子、空间等技术,建立一套功能完善的船舶监管系统,保障船舶航行安全,具有重要意义。根据以上背景,考虑到我国北斗卫星的发展战略,本文结合海事安全管理现状和船载北斗卫星导航系统实际应用情况,通过对北斗卫星导航系统组成和原理的学习和研究,对目前海事安全管理体系存在的优缺点进行比较,分析了架设基于北斗导航通讯和GPRS通信网络下的船舶监管系统的可行性,以弥补目前船舶常用AIS系统的缺陷。通过研究,为了控制船舶营运成本、海事监管成本和提高船舶安全监管效率,本文创新性根据船舶的航区设计相应的船载机:远洋船舶采用基于有源北斗定位和通信的船载机,近海或内河船舶采用基于北斗+GPRS+GIS的船载机,提出了一种双向通信、基于北斗系统和GRPS通信网络的船舶综合监管系统设计方案,主要设计分为硬件和软件两部分内容。硬件部分,分别对有源和无源北斗定位船载机硬件展开设计,具有微型化、低耗能、接口丰富和可靠性高等特点;软件部分,针对船舶综合监管系统的整体架构、位置信息与电子海图接口软件进行了设计,实现了船位采集与存储、船位自动发送、一键报警、轨迹回放以及信息交互等功能。通过船舶地面监控中心,对运行船舶实现实时监控,此系统成本低、通信质量稳定、安全性适中、监控无盲区、运行平稳,因而对海事管理部门和船公司具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:With the development of shipping industry, the situation of maritime traffic safety is becoming more and more serious. At present, the ship traffic management system (VTS) provides dynamic and static data of ship through AIS system to monitor the ship dynamically. The monitoring requirement of maritime safety management has been solved to a great extent, but in the actual operation process, the monitoring scope is still limited by the coverage of AIS base station, and the maintenance cost of base station equipment is high, so it is impossible to communicate directly in both directions. Therefore, with the help of modern science and technology, especially communications, electronics, space and other technologies, a fully functional ship supervision system is established to ensure the safety of ship navigation. It is of great significance. According to the above background, considering the development strategy of Beidou satellite in China, this paper combines the present situation of maritime safety management and the actual application of shipborne Beidou satellite navigation system. Through the study and research on the composition and principle of Beidou satellite navigation system, the advantages and disadvantages of the current maritime safety management system are compared, and the feasibility of building a ship supervision system based on Beidou navigation communication and GPRS communication network is analyzed. Through the research, in order to control the cost of ship operation, the cost of maritime supervision and improve the efficiency of ship safety supervision, In this paper, according to the ship's navigation area, the corresponding ship carrying machine is designed: the ocean-going ship adopts the carrier based on active Beidou location and communication, the offshore or inland ship adopts the boat-carrying machine based on Beidou GPRS GIS, and a kind of two-way communication is put forward. The design scheme of integrated ship supervision system based on Beidou system and GRPS communication network is mainly divided into two parts: hardware and software. Low energy consumption, rich interface and high reliability. In the software part, the overall structure of ship integrated supervision system, position information and electronic chart interface software are designed, which realizes the acquisition and storage of ship position, the automatic sending of ship position, and so on. Through the ground monitoring center of the ship, the real-time monitoring of the running ship is realized. The system has low cost, stable communication quality, moderate security, no blind area monitoring, stable operation, and so on. Therefore, it is of great significance to the maritime administration department and the shipping company.
【学位授予单位】：集美大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U698

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