渤海海域VLCC安全富余水深研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 00:08

本文选题：渤海海域　切入点：超大型油轮　出处：《武汉理工大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着渤海海域沿岸的天津港和曹妃甸港等港口大型原油码头陆续建成投产,渤海海域的VLCC的流量持续增加,导致渤海海域VLCC的通航面临很大风险。目前,渤海海域VLCC的安全富余水深确定没有可信的经验取值标准和科学的计算模型,VLCC在渤海的航行还处于一种自由航行状态。同时,渤海海域通航条件复杂,VLCC推荐深水航路水深受限、船舶流量大,极易导致碰撞、搁浅等事故,更严重的是可能衍生重大溢油事故。这样的背景决定了渤海海域VLCC安全富余水深成为广大学者进行深入研究的热点和难点问题。本文基于数值模拟和船模试验,运用多元线性回归构建渤海海域VLCC安全富余水深计算模型。计算VLCC在不同航速、不同自然条件下的富余水深,并通过全任务大型船舶操纵模拟器的模拟试验对计算模型进行验证。结合渤海海域自然条件特点,提出渤海海域VLCC在不同季节的富余水深控制和吃水限制标准。论文的主要研究内容包括： (1)根据船舶富余水深的概念,从VLCC的船型特点、操纵性特征和渤海海域自然环境特点的角度,分析影响渤海海域VLCC富余水深确定的主要因素,并构建渤海海域VLCC富余水深构成和影响要素模型。 (2)比较分析国内外现阶段船舶下沉量和富余水深的计算方法的不足,通过数值模拟和船模试验的建立渤海海域VLCC下沉量和富余水深计算模型；根据VLCC航速与下沉量和富裕水深变化的关系,构建渤海海域VLCC最大航速计算模型。 (3)运用全任务大型船舶操纵模拟器模拟VLCC在渤海海域深水航路的航行过程,统计VLCC在不同航速、自然条件下的富余水深和吃水变化,并将实验结论与计算模型计算结果进行比对分析,对所建立的渤海海域VLCC富余水深计算模型进行验证。 (4)根据模拟试验结论和计算模型的计算结果,结合渤海海域自然环境特点,提出渤海海域VLCC在不同季节的富余水深控制和吃水限制标准。渤海海域VLCC富余水深的研究不仅可保障VLCC的安全航行,有利于提高VLCC的装载效率,还丰富了VLCC等超大型船舶的操作理论。
[Abstract]:With the completion and commissioning of large crude oil terminals such as Tianjin Port and Caofeidian Port along the coast of the Bohai Sea, the volume of VLCC in the Bohai Sea continues to increase, resulting in a great risk to the navigation of VLCC in the Bohai Sea. At present, There is no credible empirical criterion and scientific calculation model for determining the safe residual water depth of VLCC in Bohai Sea. The navigation of VLCC in Bohai Sea is still in a state of free navigation. At the same time, the navigable conditions of VLCC in Bohai Sea are complex. Ship flow easily lead to collision, grounding and other accidents, and even more serious is possible to derive a major oil spill accident. This background determines that the VLCC safe residual water depth in Bohai Sea has become a hot and difficult problem for the majority of scholars to carry out in-depth research. Based on numerical simulation and ship model test, this paper uses multivariate linear regression to construct the VLCC safe residual water depth calculation model in Bohai Sea area, and calculates the free water depth of VLCC under different navigation speed and different natural conditions. The calculation model is verified by the simulation test of the full-mission large ship maneuvering simulator, and combined with the characteristics of the natural conditions in the Bohai Sea area, The residual water depth control and draught limitation standards of VLCC in different seasons in Bohai Sea are put forward. The main contents of this paper are as follows:. 1) according to the concept of ship surplus water depth, from the point of view of ship type characteristics, maneuverability characteristics and natural environment characteristics of VLCC, the main factors influencing the determination of VLCC surplus water depth in Bohai Sea area are analyzed. The model of VLCC residual water depth and its influencing factors in Bohai Sea area is constructed. (2) to compare and analyze the shortage of calculation methods of ship sinking and surplus water depth at present at home and abroad, and establish the VLCC subsidence and surplus water depth calculation model in Bohai Sea area by numerical simulation and model test; According to the relationship between the VLCC speed and the variation of the sinking quantity and the rich water depth, the VLCC maximum speed calculation model in the Bohai Sea area is constructed. Using the full-mission large ship handling simulator to simulate the navigation process of VLCC in the deep water route of Bohai Sea, the residual water depth and draught variation of VLCC under different speeds and natural conditions are calculated. The experimental results are compared with the calculated results of the calculation model, and the VLCC residual depth calculation model in Bohai Sea area is verified. 4) according to the results of simulation test and calculation model, combined with the natural environment characteristics of Bohai Sea area, the residual water depth control and draught limitation standard of VLCC in Bohai Sea area in different seasons are put forward. The study of the excess water depth of VLCC in Bohai Sea area can not only guarantee the safe navigation of VLCC and improve the loading efficiency of VLCC, but also enrich the operation theory of super large ships such as VLCC.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U698

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