成庄矿9#煤矸石自燃特性及堆放参数研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 09:54

本文选题：煤矸石　切入点：危害　出处：《太原理工大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国是富煤贫油缺气的资源特点,决定了煤炭在我国一次能源生产和消费结构中的主导地位。我国煤炭生产和消费量占一次能源生产和消费总量的70%左右,并且煤炭消费绝对量仍在逐年增加。与此同时,随着开采机械化程度的提高,煤矸石产出量激增,这些固体废弃物以吨煤10%-20%的比例产出。煤矸石由于其组成物质的特殊物理和化学性质,对矿区造成的生态破坏与环境污染非常严重,造成诸如空气污染,水污染,侵占耕地等严重的社会问题和环境问题。特别是煤矸石山自然发火产生的灾害性气体对周边环境的污染特别严重,造成煤矿周边环境不断恶化。本文从煤矸石的化学物理性质着手,从煤矸石自然发火机理出发,对煤矸石自燃所需的条件,自燃所经历的过程进行了深入的分析,得出引起煤矸石自燃的内部和外在因素；通过对煤矸石样的工业性分析、成分分析以及升温氧化实验、热重实验的研究,掌握了成庄矿9#煤矸石自然发火的特性,确定了煤矸石自燃初期的预测预报指标,为煤矸石自燃早期的预测预报提供了科学依据,对新矸石山自燃的预防起了重要指导作用。通过对9#煤矸石的自燃特性实验研究,并结合借鉴国内煤矸石堆治理工程的成功经验,为预防成庄矿9#煤矸石自燃打下了坚实的基础,系统、科学、完善地设计了成庄矿煤矸石的堆积方案。得出的主要结论有： 1.煤矸石自燃不可缺少的三个条件：①.其本身的自燃倾向性,即具有低温氧化能力；②.有连续的通风供氧条件；③.煤矸石堆能够积聚热量。影响煤矸石自燃的因素有很多：主要内在因素有黄铁矿含量,煤矸石中煤的含量；主要外在因素有颗粒大小,水分子多少,如何堆放的影响。 2.通过对9#煤矸石的工业分析和成分分析的实验结果知道,9#煤矸石属于不易自燃煤矸石,煤矸石中的硫化铁在常温下可与氧发生氧化反应,氧化释放出的热量是导致其自然发火的主要原因。成庄煤矿9#煤层煤矸石自燃标志气体应以CO为主, C2H4、C2H2为辅来掌握煤矸石堆自然发火。CO浓度持续增加,上升速率加快,表明煤矸石开始迅速氧化；检测出C2H,1,说明矸石温度已经达到200-210℃；C2H2的出现说明煤矸石的温度已经超过220℃。 3.通过对成庄矿9#煤矸石样热重实验的研究,煤矸石水分蒸发阶段T,为95.6℃,吸氧增重阶段T2为371.4℃,燃点T3为449.8℃,燃烧阶段T4为629.5℃,确定了煤矸石自燃全过程特征温度参数及质量变化等参数。 4.煤矸石的堆放采取分层压实的方式。堆放过程中严格控制煤矸石的压实程度,来预防成庄矿9#煤矸石自燃。首先对堆场清理进行密封防渗处理,然后进行分层堆放,在堆放的过程中将煤矸石压实,同时在其上铺一层黄土,达到要求高度后,对其整体覆土封顶,进行绿化。 5.根据选取排矸场的实际地形地貌特征以及防止水土流失的要求和排矸场的安全,该煤矸石场地主要工程是砌筑挡矸墙,修建排水系统,马道及踏步台阶砌石和终期覆土绿化工程。
[Abstract]:Our country is the lack of gas rich coal resources characteristics, determines the dominant position of coal in China's primary energy production and consumption structure. China's coal production and consumption accounts for about a total energy production and consumption by 70%, and the absolute amount of coal consumption is still increasing year by year. At the same time, with the improve the level of mechanization of mining, coal gangue output surge, these solid wastes with tons of coal gangue output ratio of 10%-20%. Because of the special physical and chemical properties of the composition of the material, ecological damage and environmental pollution of the mining area caused by a very serious, such as air pollution, water pollution, serious social and environmental problems the occupation of farmland. Especially the disaster gas coal gangue spontaneous combustion on the surrounding environment pollution is particularly serious, caused by coal mine surrounding environment is deteriorating.
This article from the physical and chemical properties of coal gangue from coal gangue, spontaneous combustion mechanism of the required conditions on the spontaneous combustion of coal gangue, analyzed the process of spontaneous combustion experienced, that caused by internal and external factors of the spontaneous combustion of coal gangue; the industry of coal gangue samples analysis, component analysis and temperature study on the thermal oxidation experiment, experiment, grasps the characteristics of Chengzhuang Coal Mine 9# coal gangue spontaneous combustion, to determine the forecast index at the early stage of spontaneous combustion of coal gangue, and provide a scientific basis for the prediction of spontaneous combustion of coal gangue early, played an important role in preventing spontaneous combustion of the new guidance. Through the experimental study of gangue spontaneous combustion characteristics the 9# of coal gangue, and combined with the successful experience of domestic coal gangue heap management project, for the prevention of Chengzhuang Coal Mine 9# coal gangue spontaneous combustion to lay a solid foundation, system science, and improve the design of Chengzhuang Coal Mine A plan for the accumulation of coal gangue.
The main conclusions are as follows:
Three conditions of 1. spontaneous combustion of coal gangue is indispensable: 1. Spontaneous combustion tendency itself, which has low temperature oxidation ability; 2. With continuous aeration conditions; 3. The coal gangue can accumulate heat. There are many factors influencing the spontaneous combustion of coal gangue: the main internal factors of pyrite content, the content of coal gangue the main external factors; particle size, number of water molecules, affect how stacked.
2. through the industry analysis and component analysis of 9# coal gangue. The experimental results that 9# is not easy, coal gangue gangue of iron sulfide in coal gangue can be oxidized with oxygen at room temperature, the oxidation heat release is the main cause of the spontaneous combustion in Chengzhuang coal mine. Coal gangue 9# the spontaneous combustion of sign gas should be based on CO, C2H4, C2H2 as a supplement to the mastery of the coal gangue spontaneous combustion.CO concentration continued to increase, rising rate, show that the coal gangue began to rapidly detect oxidation; C2H, 1, shows that gangue temperature has reached 200-210 degrees; the appearance of C2H2 shows that coal gangue temperature has exceeded 220 degrees Celsius.
3. through the study of Zhuang mine 9# coal gangue thermal gravimetric experiment, coal gangue water evaporation stage T, 95.6 DEG C, the oxygen gain stage T2 is 371.4 DEG C, T3 light is 449.8 DEG C, combustion phase T4 is 629.5 DEG C, coal gangue spontaneous combustion characteristic temperature parameters and quality change parameters are determined..
4. coal gangue dumps stratified compaction method. The degree of compaction of coal gangue pile in the process of strict control, to prevent the spontaneous combustion of coal gangue in Chengzhuang Coal Mine 9#. Firstly, clean sealing yard anti-seepage treatment, and then layered, in the process of coal gangue compaction pile, while the upper layer of Loess, reach for height, the greening of the whole soil cover cap.
5. according to the actual terrain feature selection gangue field and safety requirements to prevent soil erosion and the gangue field, coal gangue is the main engineering site masonry block rock wall, the construction of road drainage system, and a step stone and final soil afforestation project.

【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TD849.5;TD752.2

【参考文献】