自然通风湿式冷却塔消声器的气动性能研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 16:42

本文选题：冷却塔　切入点：噪声　出处：《山东大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：冷却塔噪声污染逐渐受到人们的重视,特别是对于离电厂较近的居民来说,冷却塔的噪声严重影响了他们的正常的工作和生活。所以电厂必须采取必要的降噪措施来解决,而在采取降噪措施的同时也应该保证冷却塔的冷却效果。本文在目前出现的冷却塔消声器降噪措施的基础上,以自然通风逆流湿式冷却塔为研究对象,建立了冷却塔消声器模型和冷却塔数值计算模型,通过消声器模型模拟计算消声器的阻力特性(气动性能)；基于得到的阻力特性,通过冷却塔计算模型,分析消声器对冷却塔冷却效果的影响。计算结果表明,气流速度和消声器结构是决定消声器气动性能的重要因素。消声器的阻力损失与气流速度的平方成正比,气流速度越大,消声器的气动性能越差；在同一给定速度情况下,片间距小,安装角度大的消声器的气动性能差。通过计算结果可以看出,不同布置方式的消声器对冷却塔产生不同的影响,消声器距离冷却塔越近,消声片间距越小,安装角度越大,对冷却塔产生的的不利影响也越大,但是其降噪效果却越好。因此可以看出冷却塔消声器降噪效果最佳与冷却塔最佳经济性运行不可兼得。所以必须根据实际的降噪要求,选择最佳的消声器结构参数以及安装位置,使其对冷却塔的影响达到最小。通过分析可以看出：消声片间距为150mm,安装角度为30°的消声器与消声片间距100mm,安装角度为0°的消声器的气动性能基本一致,对冷却塔通风量以及出塔水温的影响也相差不大。若两种消声器围绕冷却塔布置同样的长度,间距为150mm的消声器所需要的消声片片数要少,因此若两者都能满足降噪要求的话,尽量使用此种消声器,可以起到减少投资的作用。综合比较得出：间距为150mm,安装角度小于15°的消声器布置在冷却塔周围4～5m处能够满足10dB(A)以上的降噪要求,且对冷却塔的影响较小,通风量下降率在1.844%～2.562%之间,出塔水温升高量在0.105℃～0.151℃之间,在可以接受的范围内。
[Abstract]:Cooling tower noise pollution has been paid more and more attention, especially for the residents close to the power plant, the cooling tower noise seriously affect their normal work and life. So we must take the necessary measures to reduce the noise of power plant to solve, and taking measures of reducing noise at the same time should ensure the cooling effect of cooling tower.
Based on the cooling tower muffler noise reduction measures currently appears on the natural ventilation cooling tower as the research object, established a numerical calculation model of cooling tower and cooling tower muffler model, through the simulation of resistance muffler model characteristic calculation of muffler (aerodynamic performance); resistance characteristics are obtained based on the calculation model of the cooling tower analysis of the influence of muffler, cooling effect of cooling tower.
The calculation results show that the flow velocity and the muffler structure is an important factor to determine the aerodynamic performance of muffler. The resistance loss of muffler and air velocity is proportional to the square of air velocity is, the aerodynamic performance of the muffler is worse; in the case of given speed, spacing of small, installation of large angle pneumatic muffler poor performance. The results show that different muffler arrangement have different effects on the cooling tower, cooling tower muffler distance closer, silencing piece spacing is small, the installation angle is large, the cooling tower adversely impact is bigger, but the noise reduction effect is better. It can be seen that the noise reduction effect the cooling tower muffler and the best cooling tower best economic operation it may not be possible. It must be based on the actual noise reduction requirements, select the best structure parameters of muffler and the installation position, the cooling The impact of the tower is minimized. Through the analysis we can see that silencing piece spacing is 150mm, the installation angle of 30 degrees of the muffler and the silencing piece spacing 100mm, installation angle is 0 degrees the muffler's aerodynamic performance is basically the same, the ventilation quantity and cooling tower water temperature is not high. If the two kinds of muffler around the cooling tower layout of the same length, less noise patches number distance required for 150mm muffler, so if both can satisfy the requirement of noise reduction, trying to use this kind of muffler, it can reduce investment.
Comprehensive comparison: the distance is 150mm, muffler layout and installation angle of less than 15 DEG in the cooling tower around 4 ~ 5m 10dB (A) can meet the requirements above the noise, and the influence of the cooling tower is small, the ventilation rate of decline in 1.844% ~ 2.562%, the outlet water temperature increased between 0.105 ~ 0.151 C, in an acceptable range.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TM621;TB535.2

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