LNG动力船燃料泄漏危害定量评估模型研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 16:44

本文选题：LNG泄漏　切入点：LNG动力船　出处：《武汉理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：节能减排、绿色航运已成为我国内河水运发展的重要方向。柴油等传统燃料在燃烧过程中排放出的大量尾气和燃油泄漏给内河水域造成了严重污染。而液化天然气（LNG）在我国储存资源丰富、排放清洁、能源利用率高，能有效减少污染物的排放并降低内河水路运输成本，因此，LNG作为一种经济、清洁、高效的新型能源已成为业内公认的未来船舶航行绿色能源的首选。随着LNG动力船的不断开发，LNG在使用过程中的安全性也受到广泛关注。LNG本身作为一种危化品，其理化性质决定了它也是一种重要的风险源，加强对LNG动力船泄漏危害的研究分析是十分紧迫与必要的。本文通过分析LNG的基本性质、扩散过程，对LNG扩散特点及危害有了清晰的了解。运用Safer Trace软件仿真LNG动力船燃料泄漏扩散行为，确定了储罐大小、LNG组分、气象条件等输入参数的取值，分别获得了1~6级风速以及A~F级大气稳定度条件下气体浓度、泄漏量、下风向距离三维仿真数据。对仿真获得的不同风速、不同大气稳定度条件下LNG泄漏扩散的三维数据进行拟合分析，得出了不同气象条件下LNG泄漏量与气体浓度和扩散距离之间的关系，从而可以根据气体浓度传感器测得的气体浓度值以及传感器距泄漏源的距离计算出LNG泄漏量，，进一步计算LNG泄漏后发生蒸气云爆炸的TNT当量以及伤亡半径。通过以上对LNG动力船燃料泄漏危害定量评估模型的研究，即可分析LNG泄漏扩散过程及危害程度，对LNG泄漏事故的预防以及应急救援具有一定指导意义。
[Abstract]:Energy saving and emission reduction, Green shipping has become an important direction in the development of inland water transportation in China. A large amount of exhaust gas and oil leakage from traditional fuels such as diesel oil in the combustion process have caused serious pollution to inland river waters, while liquefied natural gas (LNG) is rich in storage resources in China. Clean emissions, high energy efficiency, can effectively reduce the discharge of pollutants and reduce the cost of inland waterway transportation, so LNG as an economy, clean, Efficient new energy sources have become the first choice of green energy for future marine navigation. With the continuous development of LNG power vessels, the safety of LNG in the process of use has been widely concerned. Its physical and chemical properties determine that it is also an important source of risk. It is very urgent and necessary to strengthen the research and analysis of the leakage hazard of LNG power ship. In this paper, the basic properties and diffusion process of LNG are analyzed, and the characteristics and harm of LNG diffusion are clearly understood. By using Safer Trace software to simulate the fuel leakage diffusion behavior of LNG power ship, the size of the storage tank and the components of LNG are determined. Three dimensional simulation data of gas concentration, leakage rate and wind direction distance under the condition of 1 ~ 6 level wind speed and Agna F level atmospheric stability were obtained by taking the values of input parameters such as meteorological conditions. The three dimensional data of LNG leakage diffusion under different wind speed and different atmospheric stability obtained by simulation are fitted and analyzed. The relationship between LNG leakage quantity and gas concentration and diffusion distance under different meteorological conditions is obtained. According to the gas concentration measured by the gas concentration sensor and the distance between the sensor and the leakage source, the LNG leakage can be calculated, and the TNT equivalent and the casualty radius of the vapor cloud explosion after the LNG leakage can be further calculated. Based on the above research on the quantitative evaluation model of fuel leakage hazard of LNG power ship, the process and degree of LNG leakage and diffusion can be analyzed, which has certain guiding significance for the prevention of LNG leakage accident and emergency rescue.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U698

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