高能气体冲击煤体增透技术实验研究及应用

发布时间：2018-04-01 05:10

本文选题：低透气性煤层　切入点：高压空气　出处：《辽宁工程技术大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：本文针对煤矿区煤层透气性差、煤质松软等特点，开展低透气性煤层井下增透技术与装备研究。通过对高能空气冲击波破坏煤体的试验，研究不同煤体的瓦斯运移规律与破坏量，同时通过对井下移动式空气加压泵站的研制，为低透气性煤层增透和抽采技术提供一整套装备与技术，解决低透气性煤层抽采难题，，使低透气性煤层瓦斯抽采率提高40%～50%，从而预防并防止重特大煤矿事故的发生，以期为煤矿安全生产提供理论及实践支撑。首先，在总结前人研究成果的基础上，应用煤层瓦斯赋存流动理论，详细分析和探讨了高压空气对煤体的冲击作用及增透作用。实验选取30组煤样，分别选自阜新矿业集团下的艾友煤矿和海州煤矿，对其中10组煤样进行抗压实验，对其余20组煤样进行煤样渗透率变化实验，记录下实验过程中煤样的参数变化值，通过对物理参数变化值和实验参数变化值的计算的得到气爆前后煤样的渗透率。实验结果表明：（1）气爆后煤样的渗透率增大，平均提高了81%以上。（2）气爆后，煤样的渗透率增量随着高压气体压力的增大而增大。分析进行抗压实验的10组煤样，其渗透率的增量与气爆压力呈幂函数关系。（3）煤质较硬的煤样气爆后渗透率增量较大。其次，根据煤体变形、破裂依据和渗流力学的基本原理，建立关于煤体变形、破裂和瓦斯流动相互作用的数学模型，并开发基于耦合数学模型的数值模拟软件，对现场实际高压气体冲击前、后方案进行对比模拟、分析和评价。最后，通过对引进的高压空气压缩机组的二次开发，完善提高其驱动方式及防爆等级，研制出高压空气单点、多点释放装置，并进行井下煤层增透工艺性试验，为低透气性煤层煤层气强化抽采提供有效了一种新途径。本项研究是国内外首次基于高能空气爆破、冲击、破碎煤体试验，研制了低透气性煤层增透技术与装备，用于低透气性煤层煤层气的强化抽采。该项研究获得了“高压气体冲击破裂煤体瓦斯预抽方法与装备”一项发明专利。在双鸭山矿业集团新安煤矿进行的工程应用检验取得了较好的验证效果，从而解决低透气性煤层抽采难题，使低透气性煤层瓦斯抽采率提高40%～50%，从而预防并防止重特大煤矿事故的发生，以期为煤矿安全生产提供理论及实践支撑。
[Abstract]:Aiming at the characteristics of coal seam permeability and soft coal in coal mine area, this paper studies the antireflection technology and equipment of low permeability coal seam.Through the test of high energy air shock wave to destroy coal body, the law of gas migration and damage quantity of different coal bodies are studied. At the same time, through the development of underground mobile air pressure pump station,To provide a whole set of equipment and technology for low permeability coal seam antireflection and extraction technology, to solve the problem of low permeability coal seam extraction, to increase the gas extraction rate of low permeability coal seam by 40% and 50%, thus to prevent and prevent the occurrence of serious and serious coal mine accidents.In order to provide theoretical and practical support for coal mine safety production.Firstly, on the basis of summarizing the previous research results, the impact and antireflection effects of high pressure air on coal body are analyzed and discussed in detail by applying the theory of coal seam gas occurrence and flow.Thirty groups of coal samples were selected from Aiyou Coal Mine and Haizhou Coal Mine of Fuxin Mining Group respectively. Ten groups of coal samples were tested under compressive pressure and the other 20 groups of coal samples were tested on permeability change of coal samples.The change value of coal sample parameters is recorded and the permeability of coal sample before and after gas explosion is obtained by calculating the change values of physical parameters and experimental parameters.The experimental results show that:1) the permeability of coal samples increases by more than 81% after gas explosion.2) after gas explosion, the increase of coal permeability increases with the increase of high pressure gas pressure.The relationship between permeability increment and gas burst pressure is power function for 10 groups of coal samples.3) the permeability increment of coal samples with hard coal quality is larger after gas explosion.Secondly, according to the basic principles of coal deformation, fracture and seepage mechanics, the mathematical model of coal deformation, fracture and gas flow interaction is established, and the numerical simulation software based on coupling mathematical model is developed.Before and after the actual high pressure gas impact, the simulation, analysis and evaluation were carried out.Finally, through the secondary development of the imported high-pressure air compressor unit, the driving mode and the explosion-proof grade are improved, the high-pressure air single-point and multi-point releasing device is developed, and the anti-reflection process test of underground coal seam is carried out.It provides a new effective way for coal bed methane extraction in low permeability coal seam.This research is the first time in China and abroad based on high energy air blasting, impact, crushing coal body test, developed low permeability coal seam antireflection technology and equipment, used in low permeability coal seam coal bed methane extraction.This research has obtained the invention patent of "coal body gas pre-drainage method and equipment under high pressure gas impact rupture".The engineering application test carried out in Xinan Coal Mine of Shuangyashan Mining Group has achieved good verification effect, thus solving the problem of extraction of low permeability coal seam.The gas drainage rate of low permeability coal seam can be increased by 40% and 50%, so as to prevent and prevent the occurrence of serious and serious coal mine accidents, in order to provide theoretical and practical support for coal mine safety production.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁工程技术大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TD712.6

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