山区高速公路路侧安全影响分析

发布时间：2018-04-14 16:03

本文选题：山区 + 高速公路　；参考：《长安大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：自1988年我国第一条高速公路（沪嘉高速公路）开通运营以来，我国高速公路的建设稳步发展。24年间，已逐步建成了由7条首都放射线、9条南北纵线和18条东西横线组成的“7918”高速公路结构网。随着我国高速公路的迅猛发展，高速公路的建设也逐步从平原地区转向山区、由经济相对发达的地区转向经济欠发达的地区。越来越多山区高速公路的开通运营，对发展山区经济，改善山区人民生活起到至关重要的作用。但是，当人们享受越来越便利的快速交通的同时也面临着交通事故的影响,特别是路侧事故，不管是发生的概率还是严重程度，一直不断地呈增长趋势。因此，迫切需要对山区高速公路路侧安全的影响机理进行细致的研究。本文首先结合江西省交通厅重点科技项目《不利气候条件下山区高速公路路侧安全关键技术研究》，选取江西省三条典型山区高速公路为研究对象，分别从时间、天气、车型和线型指标四个方面鉴别了山区高速公路路侧事故的内部特征。接着从主、客观两个方面探究了路侧事故的影响机理。主观方面，主要从驾驶员在行车过程中的生理和心理条件着手。通过对驾驶员生理学机理的研究得出：⑴驾驶员因长时间处于静态施力而导致肌肉疲劳和眩晕是影响路侧事故的因素之一；⑵驾驶员两侧后方区域各有约17.75°的“视野盲区”，而这一“视野盲区”恰恰有可能影响路侧事故。客观方面，首先针对雨天环境、冰雪环境和雾天环境下各自不同的属性特征，采用基于停车视距的限速模型、车辆滑水临界模型、雪天安全行车限速模型和ADAMS/Car软件分析路面附着系数和大气能见度对路侧安全的影响。然后将重点集中在行车道以外的路侧环境上，发现路侧安全净区宽度和边坡坡度的取值，路肩的设置，边沟的型式以及路侧护栏的设置和型式选取都与路侧安全息息相关。
[Abstract]:Since the opening and operation of the first expressway (Hu-Jia Expressway) in China in 1988, the construction of freeway in China has developed steadily in the past 24 years.The "7918" freeway structure network composed of 7 capital radiation lines, 9 north-south vertical lines and 18 east-west crosslines has been gradually built.With the rapid development of expressway in China, the construction of expressway has gradually changed from plain area to mountainous area, from economically relatively developed area to economically underdeveloped area.The opening and operation of more and more mountain highway plays an important role in developing mountain economy and improving people's life.However, when people enjoy more and more convenient rapid traffic, they are also faced with the impact of traffic accidents, especially roadside accidents, no matter the probability of occurrence or severity, has been continuously increasing trend.Therefore, it is urgent to study the influence mechanism of highway side safety in mountainous area.In this paper, based on the key scientific and technological project of Jiangxi Provincial Communications Department, "study on key Technologies of Highway side Safety in Mountain area under unfavorable Climate", three typical mountain highways in Jiangxi Province are selected as research objects, respectively from time and weather.The interior characteristics of highway side accidents in mountainous area are identified in four aspects: vehicle type and linear index.Then it explores the influence mechanism of road side accident from two aspects: subjective and objective.Subjective aspects, mainly from the driver in the driving process of the physical and psychological conditions.Through the study of the physiological mechanism of driver, it is concluded that muscle fatigue and vertigo caused by long time static force are one of the factors that affect the road side accident. 2. There are about 17.75 掳"blind area of visual field" in the rear area of driver on both sides of driver.And this "blind area of vision" is precisely likely to affect the side of the road accident.Objectively, first of all, according to the different attribute characteristics of rainy, snow and fog environments, the speed limit model based on parking horizon and the critical model of vehicle water skiing are adopted.The speed limit model and ADAMS/Car software are used to analyze the influence of road adhesion coefficient and atmospheric visibility on road side safety.Then the emphasis is placed on the roadside environment outside the carriageway, and it is found that the selection of the width of the safe clear area and slope slope, the setting of the kerb, the type of the side ditch, the setting of the roadside guardrail and the selection of the type are all closely related to the safety of the side of the road.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U492.8

【引证文献】