长江流域不同类型山洪灾害易发区划分

发布时间：2018-04-14 17:01

本文选题：山洪灾害 + 易发区　；参考：《北京林业大学学报》2017年11期

【摘要】：长江流域因其复杂的地质地貌及气候条件成为我国山洪灾害发生最为密集的地区。山洪灾害易发区划分是山洪灾害防治工作的重要内容,针对长江流域大尺度(跨省级)区域的山洪灾害易发性研究可为长江流域及相似区域的山洪灾害评价研究以及规划、部署、实施山洪灾害防治工作提供科学依据。本文综合考虑影响山洪灾害形成的自然地理因素,以县域为评价单元,构建各类山洪灾害易发程度指标体系,基于Matlab,采用层次分析法计算各类山洪灾害易发性指数。据此,利用Arc GIS自然间距分类方案将长江流域划分为4个山洪灾害易发区,即高易发区、中易发区、低易发区和非防治区。结果表明:溪河洪水灾害呈现由东向西灾害易发程度逐渐降低的趋势,分布较为密集的区域在流域的中东部地区;滑坡灾害高易发区主要分布在流域中部,上游干流附近滇北和陇南山地,尤以四川盆地以东地区最为集中;泥石流灾害高易发区主要分布在流域西部,其中以断裂带发育的第一、二阶梯过渡带最为密集。划分结果显示各类山洪灾害在流域内的分布差异较为明显,不同类型山洪灾害的历史发生次数在高易发区的集中程度均在80%以上,表明分区结果能够较好反映各灾害的区域分布特征。
[Abstract]:The Yangtze River Basin due to geological and climatic conditions become the complex of mountain flood disasters in China and the most densely populated region. Mountain flood prone areas division is an important work of flood prevention, aiming at the large scale of Yangtze River Basin (inter provincial) region of mountain flood prone research for the Yangtze River Basin and the similar region flood disaster evaluation research and planning, deployment, and provide scientific basis for the implementation of the prevention and control of flood disasters. Considering the influence of natural geographical factors of flood disasters formation, with the county as the evaluation unit, the construction of various types of mountain flood prone degree index system, based on Matlab, the calculation of flood disasters of all kinds of susceptibility index of the analytic hierarchy process. Accordingly, the use of Arc GIS natural spacing classification scheme of the Yangtze basin is divided into 4 mountain flood prone areas, namely high prone areas, in prone areas, low prone areas and non - autonomous regions. Show that the flood river from east to West has disaster prone degree decreased gradually, relatively dense regions in the basin in the eastern region; landslide prone areas are mainly distributed in the middle part of the basin, upriver near North Yunnan and Longnan mountain, especially in the Sichuan basin east of the most concentrated area of debris flow; disaster prone areas mainly distributed in the west of the basin, the first, second step transition to Fault Zone Development Zone is the most intensive. The result shows that the difference in Distribution Division of flood disasters of all kinds in the basin is more obvious, different types of mountain flood disasters occurred in the history of the number concentration high prone areas were more than 80%, that partition the results can reflect the regional distribution characteristics of various disasters.

【作者单位】：北京林业大学水土保持学院;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地水循环与地表过程重点实验室;
【基金】：长江水利委员会长江科学院开放研究基金(CKWV2015227/KY) 水利部公益性行业科研专项(201301059)
【分类号】：TV87;X43

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