基于联防模式下的溢油应急设备配备研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 14:14

本文选题：联防模式 + 溢油　；参考：《武汉理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：当今时代，随着全球经济一体化的推进，海洋运输已然成为货物贸易的重要运输方式之一。然而，由于进出港船舶数量的增加，船舶种类的复杂性与多样性的发展，港口、航道、锚地等的通航环境变得愈加复杂，从而导致船舶溢油污染海洋事故时有发生。发生污染事故后不仅危及了船舶自身航行、货物的安全，还对水域环境造成严重以至于无法复原的危害，，同时，也会给社会带来严重的经济损失。因此，建立既能满足采取有效的措施防止水上溢油事故的发生，在事故发生后启动合理的应急预案及时调集相关的人员、设备，确保将造成的危害降到最低，又能满足在进行溢油应急设备配备时不造成物资、财产的浪费的区域溢油应急联防体系，有着十分重大的意义。目前，国内还没有针对溢油应急联防模式下的应急设备配备要求、配备方式及方法给出明确的技术性文件，解决如何进行应急设备资源的优化、整合和统一调配使用的问题，本文针对此类问题展开研究，探寻溢油应急设备配备时避免财物的浪费，同时满足港口实际生产的要求的方法。本文从区域溢油应急联防模式的确立着手，概述了广义联防体和狭义联防体的区分，提出了联防单元的概念；在此基础上利用了溢油模拟实验，确定了联防范围；确定联防范围后，将影响联防溢油量的各因子量化，并且建立了层次分析模型，采用加权求和的方法，求出联防区域的溢油量；利用溢油事故的风险因素、应急响应效率、以及区域环境敏感区等为约束性条件，确定区域内需配备的设备数量及配备方式，最后，利用相关算法，确定联防体系中溢油应急设备的存放地点，实现对联防体系的整体优化。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, with the development of global economic integration, ocean transportation has become one of the most important transportation modes in goods trade.However, due to the increase of the number of ships in and out of ports and the development of the complexity and diversity of ship types, the navigable environment of ports, waterways and anchorages becomes more and more complex, which leads to marine accidents caused by oil spills from ships.After the pollution accident, it not only endangers the ship's own navigation and the safety of the cargo, but also causes serious damage to the water environment, which can not be recovered, and at the same time, it will bring serious economic losses to the society.Therefore, the establishment can not only satisfy the need to take effective measures to prevent oil spills from happening on the water, but also start a reasonable emergency plan after the accident to mobilize relevant personnel and equipment in a timely manner to ensure that the harm caused is minimized.And it is of great significance to meet the regional oil spill emergency prevention system which does not cause material and property waste when the oil spill emergency equipment is equipped.At present, China has not provided clear technical documents on the requirements, methods and methods of emergency equipment equipment under the oil spill emergency joint defense mode, so as to solve the problem of how to optimize, integrate and unify the emergency equipment resources, so as to solve the problem of how to optimize, integrate and unify the emergency equipment resources.In this paper, we study this kind of problems, and explore the methods to avoid the waste of property when oil spill emergency equipment is equipped, and to meet the requirements of actual production in port at the same time.This paper begins with the establishment of regional oil spill emergency joint prevention mode, summarizes the distinction between generalized joint defense body and narrow joint defense body, and puts forward the concept of joint defense unit, on the basis of which the joint defense range is determined by using oil spill simulation experiment.After determining the range of joint prevention, the factors that affect the amount of oil spill are quantified, and the analytic hierarchy process model is established. The method of weighted summation is used to calculate the amount of oil spill in the joint prevention area, and the risk factors of oil spill accident are used to improve the efficiency of emergency response.And the sensitive area of regional environment is the binding condition to determine the quantity and mode of equipment to be equipped in the area. Finally, the storage location of the oil spill emergency equipment in the joint prevention system is determined by using the relevant algorithms.Achieve the overall optimization of the joint defense system.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U698.7

【参考文献】