乙烯企业中空分装置安全性与可靠性研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 11:51

本文选题：空分装置 + 安全性　；参考：《清华大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：空分装置的安全性和可靠性是乙烯全厂安全运行和长周期运行的基础，但茂名乙烯空分装置2000年~2005年生产的实际运行存在问题，其安全性和可靠性达不到乙烯全厂的要求，所以本文对空分装置存在的问题进行统计和分析，进行优化和改造，旨在使其安全性和可靠性达到乙烯企业的要求。首先本文研究在国内外安全风险评估的基础上，根据安全事故发生的原理，从人、机、料、法、环等方面找出影响其安全的各个因素，建立了较为客观、科学、实用的安全风险评估模型，并对安全因子和安全指数进行了定义。其次本文针对茂名乙烯空分装置安全风险最大的两个单元：分馏单元和氧气压缩单元，通过各种改造措施使分馏单元化学性爆炸安全风险指数由3.52下降到2.76，分馏单元物理性爆炸安全风险指数由3.56下降到2.00，氧气压缩单元化学性爆炸安全风险指数由3.73下降到2.69,改造效果良好，装置运行达到相对安全状态。再次对茂名乙烯单套空分装置的可靠性从人、机两方面找出其可靠性差的原因。针对各单元影响因素，作者组织装置人员采取各种改造措施后，单套装置外供氮气可靠度为由84.97%提高到98.94%，外供氧气可靠度为由84.96%提高到98.93%，效果十分显著。最后本文对液氧、液氮后备单元对装置可靠度的影响进行了分析，对其自身可靠度存在的问题进行了改进；对多套空分装置的可靠度进行分析，，证明了建设两套同等规模的空分装置，外供氮气和氧气的可靠度最高。
[Abstract]:The safety and reliability of the air separation unit is the basis for the safe operation and long period operation of the ethylene plant. However, the actual operation of Maoming ethylene air separation plant from 2000 to 2005 has some problems, and its safety and reliability are not up to the requirements of the whole ethylene plant. Therefore, the problems existing in the air separation unit are analyzed, optimized and modified in order to make the safety and reliability of the unit meet the requirements of ethylene enterprises. Firstly, on the basis of domestic and foreign safety risk assessment, according to the principle of safety accidents, this paper finds out the factors that affect its safety from human, machine, material, law, ring and so on, and establishes more objective and scientific. A practical security risk assessment model is proposed, and the safety factor and safety index are defined. Secondly, aiming at the two units with the greatest safety risk in Maoming ethylene air separation unit: fractionation unit and oxygen compression unit, The chemical explosion safety risk index of fractionation unit was reduced from 3.52 to 2.76, the physical explosion safety risk index of fractionation unit was reduced from 3.56 to 2.00, and the chemical explosion safety risk index of oxygen compression unit was reduced from 3.73 to 3.73. Down to 2.69, the effect of the transformation is good, The device operates in a relatively safe state. Again, the reliability of Maoming ethylene single air separation unit is found out from two aspects: human and machine. According to the influencing factors of each unit, the author organizes the personnel to take various measures to improve the reliability of nitrogen supply outside the unit from 84.97% to 98.94%, and the reliability of external oxygen supply from 84.96% to 98.93%. The effect is very remarkable. Finally, the influence of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen backup unit on the reliability of the unit is analyzed, and the problems existing in its own reliability are improved, and the reliability of several air separation units is analyzed. It is proved that the reliability of external nitrogen and oxygen supply is the highest when two air separation units of the same size are built.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TQ086.2;TQ221.211

【参考文献】