湿滑道面条件下轮胎力学行为与飞机着陆安全问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-12 01:05

本文选题：滑水 + 湿滑道面　；参考：《中国民航大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着中国民用航空业的迅速发展,飞机作为航空运输业主要载运工具,对其安全性能的研究与评估一直被从业人员所重视。而飞机在起飞、降落运行阶段一直是航空事故频发的关键节点,统计分析表明降雨造成的事故几乎占总数的67%以上。针对以上问题本文对湿滑道面飞机轮胎力学行为及该过程中的飞机着陆安全问题进行了探讨,得到了一些有益的结论。1)基于Navier-Stokes粘性流体力学微分方程建立轮胎-湿滑道面相互作用理论模型,得出轮胎所受水膜抬升力,提出临界滑水速度上、下限解的概念。在此基础上,建立轮胎-湿滑道面三维实体有限元分析模型,利用NASA试验结果验证模型正确性,采用CEL算法进行轮胎-湿滑道面相互作用计算和分析,得到动水压强分布规律和滑水现象产生机理,印证了临界滑水速度不唯一的结论。2)考虑实际道面积水情况,利用上述模型建立动轮胎冲击静流场模型,探讨考虑实际道面积水状态下的轮胎-道面相互作用力变化规律,获得实际道面积水条件下的临界滑水速度与其变化规律,并基于此提出临界滑水速度修正公式。3)在动轮胎冲击静流场模型的基础上,开展道面支撑力影响因素分析,表明水膜、胎压与速度是影响道面支撑力变化的主要因素。在此基础上,考虑飞机升力得到不同水膜厚度下的道面支撑力、水膜合力的变化关系曲线。4)基于道面支撑力的研究成果,建立运动学有限元分析模型,开展湿滑道面上飞机滑行安全问题研究。明确了飞机在湿滑道面运行时,积水区域位置对飞机发生偏航的影响。距离飞机着陆点130m与400m出现积水易引起飞机着陆过程中的偏航角度。5)基于上述研究成果,给出不同降雨强度等级下,飞机着陆进近速度的建议控制值,以及道面积水控制建议。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of civil aviation industry in China, aircraft as the main carrier of air transportation industry, the research and evaluation of its safety performance has been paid attention to. The flight is always the key node of frequent aviation accidents in take-off and landing stages. Statistical analysis shows that the accidents caused by rainfall almost account for more than 67% of the total. Aiming at the above problems, this paper discusses the mechanical behavior of aircraft tire on wet slipway surface and the safety of aircraft landing in the process. Some useful conclusions are obtained. 1) based on the Navier-Stokes viscous fluid mechanics differential equation, the theoretical model of tire wet slip surface interaction is established, and the concept of the upper and lower limit solution of critical water slide velocity is proposed. On this basis, the three-dimensional solid finite element analysis model of tire wet slip surface is established. The validity of the model is verified by NASA test results. The CEL algorithm is used to calculate and analyze the tire wet slip surface interaction. The distribution of hydrodynamic pressure and the mechanism of hydrodynamic phenomena are obtained, and the conclusion that critical water skiing velocity is not unique is confirmed. (2) considering the actual channel area and water situation, the static flow field model of moving tire impingement is established by using the above model. In this paper, the variation law of tire / track surface interaction force under the condition of actual track area water is discussed, and the critical water slide velocity and its variation law are obtained under the actual track area water condition. On the basis of this, the critical water slide speed correction formula .3) based on the impact static flow field model of moving tire, the influence factors of pavement support force are analyzed. It is shown that water film, tire pressure and velocity are the main factors that influence the change of pavement support force. On this basis, considering the lift force of the aircraft, the relationship curve of the surface support force and the water film force under different water film thickness is obtained. The kinematics finite element analysis model is established based on the research results of the supporting force on the track surface. Research on the safety of aircraft gliding on wet slipway surface is carried out. The influence of the location of the hydrological zone on the yaw of the aircraft on the wet slipway surface is clarified. Based on the above research results, the suggested control values of the approaching speed of the aircraft under different rainfall intensity levels and the water control suggestions for the channel area are given.
【学位授予单位】：中国民航大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：V328;V212.131

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