飞机驾驶操纵安全性评估方法研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 23:14

本文选题：飞机驾驶操纵 + 安全性评估　；参考：《南京航空航天大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：飞机驾驶舱是飞行员与飞机协同工作的主要场所,其人机工效的设计水平直接影响飞行员驾驶操纵绩效与飞行安全。良好的人机交互设计是充分发挥飞机性能和飞行员技术水平的重要保证。近年来欧美适航规章中先后提出了驾驶舱人机交互设计相关要求,但尚未提出成熟的评估与验证方法。如何在设计中考虑人机交互因素并表明对适航条款的符合性成为驾驶舱设计亟待解决的问题。本文对飞机驾驶操纵过程安全性评估方法进行研究,完成了以下研究工作:分析了飞机驾驶操纵过程的人机交互特性;基于驾驶操纵过程的一般特性,提炼出飞机驾驶操纵过程的基本要素;构建了驾驶操纵过程人机交互系统。研究了驾驶操纵过程要素与操纵步骤逻辑关系的描述方法,并基于着色Petri网理论构建了飞机驾驶操纵过程模型,给出了模型的公理化定义;提出了驾驶操纵过程的任务可达性、操纵程序复杂性与工作负荷的分析方法;给出了驾驶操纵过程建模和操纵工效分析应用实例,证明了该模型的有效性。提出了基于改进CREAM法的飞机驾驶操纵安全性评估方法;给出了基于飞行员驾驶操纵负荷的操纵步骤认知功能需求的判定准则;提出了结合认知复杂度和人机交互冲突分析的部分CPC水平确定方法;给出了驾驶操纵步骤的人因失效概率计算方法;提出了融合模糊函数的驾驶操纵过程失效概率计算方法;给出了起飞中断过程的驾驶操纵安全性评估案例。
[Abstract]:The aircraft cockpit is the main place for pilots to cooperate with the aircraft. The design level of the ergonomics effect directly affects the pilot's driving performance and flight safety. A good human-computer interaction design is an important guarantee for the performance of the aircraft and the technical level of the pilot. In recent years, the cockpit has been put forward in the European and American airworthiness regulations. Man-machine interaction design is required, but a mature evaluation and verification method has not been put forward. How to consider the human-computer interaction factors in the design and show that the conformance of the seaworthiness clause has become an urgent problem for the cockpit design. This paper studies the safety assessment method of the aircraft driving control process and completes the following research work: The human-computer interaction characteristics of the aircraft driving control process; based on the general characteristics of the driving manipulation process, the basic elements of the aircraft driving control process are extracted and the human-computer interaction system of the driving manipulation process is constructed. The description method of the logic relation between the driving manipulation process elements and the manipulation steps is studied, and based on the coloring Petri net theory, the method is constructed. The model of aircraft driving control process is given, the definition of the model is given, the task accessibility, the complexity of operation procedure and the analysis method of working load are put forward, the modeling of driving control process and the application example of operation efficiency analysis are given, and the effectiveness of the model is proved. The aircraft based on the improved CREAM method is put forward. The safety assessment method of driving control is given. A decision criterion based on the cognitive function requirement of the control step based on the pilot's driving load is given. A partial CPC level determination method combining the cognitive complexity and the human-computer interaction conflict analysis is put forward, and the calculation method of the human cause failure probability is given, and the fuzzy function is proposed. The method of calculating the probability of failure in driving process is given, and a case of driving maneuvering safety evaluation during take-off interruption is given.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：V328

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