消除活塞敲击影响的侧向阻尼装置研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 20:05

本文选题：阻尼 + 振动　；参考：《中北大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：气缸套-活塞组是发动机中关键的摩擦副之一，其摩擦直接影响发动机的消耗功率、尾气排放等因素。因此有必要对发动机气缸套-活塞组之间摩擦力进行测量。与传统方法相比，“浮动气缸套法”能更真实、更准确地获取发动机气缸套-活塞组的摩擦力。但活塞侧推力引起的气缸套横向振动对力传感器测试精度的影响是该方法需要解决关键问题之一，利用阻尼减振器对其减振是一种可行的方法。本文采用有限元方法研究阻尼减振器对气缸套振动衰减作用，并用有限元技术和试验对此予以验证。利用三维建模软件PRO/E建立试验发动机气缸套的三维实体模型，将实体模型导入ANSYS软件中建立有限元模型。在有限元模型的建立中探讨了实体模型的简化和局部坐标系，研究了气缸套的约束模态，在试验条件下气缸套的振动及减振器阻尼和刚度的大小分别对气缸套振动振幅的影响，提出了减振器阻尼和刚度参数确认原则和减振器的设计原理及方案，利用有限元技术直接地和试验间接地验证减振器对气缸套的振动振幅有衰减作用。通过对气缸套在试验条件下的约束模态和振动响应的研究，得出在试验条件下气缸套主体部分振动最大振幅发生位置，在最大振幅位置添加减振器。分别研究在试验条件下当减振器阻尼变化和刚度变化时气缸套的减振效果。研究结果表明：当减振器的刚度不变而阻尼增大时，气缸套的减振效果增强，，但随着阻尼的增大，气缸套减振效果的趋势在放缓；当减振器的阻尼不变而刚度增大时，气缸套的减振效果增强，但是增长的大小与此时减振器阻尼的大小密切相关，当减振器阻尼越大时，相同的刚度变化引起气缸套减振效果的变化就越大。据此提出了减振器参数确认原则，进而设计、制作了减振器。通过对比分析加装减振器前后，气缸套在共振时的振幅变化和力传感器在试验中测量数据的变化，两者都验证了减振器对气缸套的振动振幅有衰减作用。
[Abstract]:The cylinder liner-piston unit is one of the key friction pairs in the engine, and its friction directly affects the engine power consumption and exhaust emission. Therefore, it is necessary to measure the friction between the cylinder liner and the piston group. Compared with the traditional method, the "floating cylinder sleeve method" can obtain the friction force of the engine cylinder liner-piston group more accurately and realistically. However, the influence of the lateral vibration of the cylinder sleeve caused by the piston side thrust on the measuring accuracy of the force sensor is one of the key problems to be solved in this method, and it is a feasible method to use the damping damper to reduce the vibration. In this paper, the effect of damping damper on the vibration attenuation of cylinder sleeve is studied by finite element method, which is verified by finite element technique and test. The three-dimensional solid model of the cylinder liner of the test engine was established by using the three-dimensional modeling software PRO/E, and the solid model was imported into the ANSYS software to establish the finite element model. In the process of establishing the finite element model, the simplification of the solid model and the local coordinate system are discussed. The constrained modes of the cylinder sleeve are studied. Under the experimental conditions, the vibration of the cylinder sleeve and the damping and stiffness of the damper affect the vibration amplitude of the cylinder sleeve, respectively. The principle of confirming damping and stiffness parameters of shock absorber and the design principle and scheme of shock absorber are put forward. The vibration amplitude of cylinder sleeve can be attenuated by using finite element technique directly and indirectly. Through the study of the constrained mode and vibration response of the cylinder sleeve under the test conditions, the position of the maximum vibration amplitude of the main part of the cylinder sleeve is obtained, and the vibration absorber is added at the maximum amplitude position. The vibration absorption effect of cylinder liner is studied under the experimental conditions when the damper damping and stiffness change. The results show that the damping effect of the cylinder liner increases when the stiffness of the damper is invariable and the damping increases, but with the increase of the damping, the trend of the damping effect of the cylinder sleeve slows down, and when the damping of the absorber increases, the stiffness of the cylinder liner increases. The damping effect of the cylinder liner is enhanced, but the increase is closely related to the damping of the damper. When the damper damping is greater, the same stiffness change will cause the greater the change of the damping effect of the cylinder sleeve. According to this, the principle of parameter confirmation of shock absorber is put forward, and the shock absorber is designed and manufactured. By comparing and analyzing the amplitude change of the cylinder sleeve during resonance and the change of the measured data of the force sensor in the experiment before and after the installation of the shock absorber, it is verified that the vibration amplitude of the cylinder sleeve is attenuated by the damper.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TK401;TB535.1

【参考文献】