紧急疏散路径选择行为的实验研究

发布时间：2018-05-25 02:38

本文选题：群体 + 疏散实验　；参考：《中国安全生产科学技术》2016年03期

【摘要】：通过可控的人群疏散实验来分析紧急情况下的人群疏散规律。实验选取了建筑物出口位置、出口宽度设置作为实验变量开展。主要关注的参数有疏散时间和疏散速度。疏散人群在实验中自行选择认为最合适的路线。实验结果指出,在紧急情况下出口的距离和宽度共同影响了疏散的整体效率和疏散过程中的拥挤程度。女性的疏散行为值得关注,并且行人在疏散过程中,是分阶段决策疏散路径的,在仿真模型中可通过局部路径规划算法实现。疏散场景的布局对疏散效率的提高有较大影响,单纯增加局部出口的宽度以及缩短疏散路径对于提高整体疏散效率帮助不大。本研究成果对疏散模型的改进以及建筑设计有一定的指导意义。
[Abstract]:Through the controllable crowd evacuation experiment to analyze the crowd evacuation law in the emergency situation. The location of the exit of the building and the setting of the outlet width are selected as the experimental variables in the experiment. The main parameters concerned are evacuation time and evacuation speed. The evacuees chose the route they thought was the most appropriate in the experiment. The experimental results show that the distance and width of the exit in an emergency jointly affect the overall efficiency of evacuation and the degree of congestion in the evacuation process. The evacuation behavior of women is worth paying attention to, and the pedestrian in the evacuation process is the decision of evacuation path in stages, which can be realized by local path planning algorithm in the simulation model. The layout of evacuation scene has great influence on the improvement of evacuation efficiency. Simply increasing the width of local exit and shortening the evacuation path are of little help to improve the overall evacuation efficiency. The results of this study have certain guiding significance for the improvement of evacuation model and architectural design.
【作者单位】：北京城市系统工程研究中心公共安全北京市科学技术研究院重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(11202004) 北京市科研院市级财政经费项目(PXM2015_187215_000005) 北京市科技计划项目(Z151100002115016)
【分类号】：X913

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