某钢铁企业职业卫生分级管理方法的应用及探讨

发布时间：2018-05-25 17:39

本文选题：钢铁行业 + 职业病危害　；参考：《环境与职业医学》2017年01期

【摘要】：[目的]对某大型钢铁企业主要生产岗位进行职业危害岗位分级,为企业职业卫生分级管理提供科学有效的依据。[方法]收集汇总2012—2014年某大型钢铁企业的职业病危害因素定期监测结果,首先依据国家职业病危害作业分级标准将各生产岗位分为5级作业,然后简化为职业病危害程度为一般、较重、严重等3级岗位,并进一步提出岗位分级管理措施,探讨职业卫生分级管理的应用。[结果]该企业职业病危害因素包括生产性粉尘(电焊烟尘、煤尘、矽尘、石灰石粉尘及其他粉尘)、生产性毒物(一氧化碳、硫酸、盐酸、溶剂汽油、苯、氰化氢、氰化物、氨、硫化氢、砷、铬和焦炉逸散物等)和有害物理因素(噪声、高温、X射线、γ射线等)。职业病危害因素作业分级结果显示,噪声和高温是该钢铁企业的主要职业病危害因素。职业危害岗位分级结果显示,一般、较重和严重职业危害岗位共669个、271个和288个,分别占总数的54.5%、22.1%和23.4%。[结论]简化后的职业危害岗位分级方法操作性强,可为企业的职业卫生分级管理提供有效依据。
[Abstract]:[Objective] to classify the occupational hazard posts in major steel enterprises and provide scientific and effective basis for the classification management of occupational health. [Methods] the periodic monitoring results of occupational hazards in a large iron and steel enterprise from 2012 to 2014 were collected and collected. The production posts are divided into 5 levels, and then they are simplified to 3 levels of occupational hazards, such as general, heavy and serious, and further put forward post grading management measures to discuss the application of occupational health classification management. [results] the occupational hazards of the enterprise include productive dust (welding dust, coal dust, silica dust, limestone dust and other powder) Dust), productive poisons (carbon monoxide, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, solvent gasoline, benzene, cyanide, cyanide, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, arsenic, chromium and coke oven escape, etc.) and harmful physical factors (noise, high temperature, X ray, gamma ray, etc.). Occupational hazard factors have shown that noise and high temperature are the main occupational hazards of the iron and steel enterprises. The results of occupational hazard post classification showed that there were 669, 271 and 288 serious occupational hazard posts, which accounted for 54.5%, 22.1% and 23.4%.[respectively. The simplified occupational hazard post classification method was operable, which could provide an effective basis for the occupational health classification management of enterprises.
【作者单位】：江苏省疾病预防控制中心职业病预防控制科;江苏省血液中心;
【基金】：江苏省医学领军人才项目(编号:LJ201130) 江苏省卫生国际交流支撑计划(编号:JSH-2012-008)
【分类号】：R134

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