准格尔煤田永红火区综合防治技术的应用研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 15:37

本文选题：永红火区 + 烟囱效应　；参考：《太原理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：煤田火灾是当今世界重大自然灾害之一,它每年造成的直接经济损失达到数百亿美元。煤田火灾形成的煤田火区时刻向大气排放大量的的CO2、SO2等气体,对生态环境也造成很大的影响。随着社会的进步和发展,人们开始研究煤田火灾和治理煤田火区。大部分煤田火灾是由矿井内因火灾引起的,伴随着矿井采空区顶板塌陷或者是封闭不严的井口漏风,易自燃的浮煤就会发生低温氧化,在聚热条件良好的环境下发生自燃,浮煤燃烧造成了更大的塌陷使得漏风越来越严重,燃烧就会越来越剧烈,最终形成了煤田火区。本文以准格尔煤田永红火区为模板,结合煤田火灾形成理论,针对永红火区的燃烧特点,提出了永红火区综合灭火防治技术,通过火区监测和火区治理后的测氡法反演验证了所提出防治技术的科学性和正确性。本文主要的研究内容如下： (1)原永红小窑开采环境的研究。研究了原永红小窑煤层开采条件和其顶板的地质特征,对其顶板塌陷和由于塌陷形成的地表裂隙进行勘察研究,建立了火区空间模型。 (2)原永红小窑采空区垮落三带各自的透气规律研究,推导了透气率的计算公式,应用烟囱效应原理分析了外界大气和采空区内气体通过塌陷裂隙的流通,初步确定了浮煤自燃初期采空区内浮煤连续供氧的原因。 (3)永红小窑采空区浮煤自燃后,释放出的热量引起采空区内外的温差变化,产生了火风压,这时火区的通风供氧动力完全由火风压提供。我们基于这些分析和研究建立了火区漏风系统。 (4)在永红火区治理施工过程中,我们对于确定永红火区漏风通道的确定提出了新的工程方法：火区直接注水法和红外成像拍摄法。 (5)我们从宏观上对永红火区进行燃烧热动力学的分析,结合永红火区的实际施工现状,我们提出了对永红火区表面热源岩层挖除来降低火区内部集聚的热量,从而达到降低火风压抑制火区燃烧的目的,同时也方便施工机械的施工。 (6)针对永红火区的理论分析研究我们提出了综合灭火治理技术,通过火区监测和测氡法反演验证了我们基于火区分析理论提出的永红综合灭火治理技术在永红火区治理中取得的良好的效果。
[Abstract]:Coalfield fire is one of the major natural disasters in the world, which causes tens of billions of dollars of direct economic losses every year. The coal-field fire area always emits a lot of CO _ 2O _ 2 and so _ 2 into the atmosphere, which also has a great impact on the ecological environment. With the progress and development of the society, people begin to study the coalfield fire and control the coal-field fire area. Most of the coal-field fires are caused by mine fires. With the roof collapse in the goaf of the mine or the air leakage at the well head which is not strictly closed, the spontaneous combustion of the floating coal will occur at low temperature and spontaneous combustion in the environment of good thermal accumulation conditions. The combustion of floating coal causes a bigger collapse, which causes the air leakage to become more and more serious, and the combustion will become more and more intense. Finally, the coalfield fire area will be formed. Taking the Yonghong fire area of Zhunger coalfield as a template and combining the theory of coalfield fire formation, this paper puts forward the comprehensive fire prevention and control technology of Yonghong fire area according to the burning characteristics of Yonghong fire area. The method of radon measurement and inversion after fire area monitoring and fire control proved the scientific and correct of the proposed control technology. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1) the mining environment of Yonghong small kiln. The mining conditions and the geological characteristics of the roof of the Yonghong small kiln coal seam are studied. The roof collapse and the surface fissure formed by the collapse are investigated. In this paper, the space model of fire zone is established. Based on the principle of chimney effect, the circulation of gas in the outside atmosphere and goaf through collapsing fissures is analyzed, and the reasons for continuous oxygen supply of floating coal in goaf in the initial stage of spontaneous combustion of floating coal are preliminarily determined. The heat released causes the variation of temperature difference inside and outside the goaf and produces the fire wind pressure, when the ventilation and oxygen supply power in the fire area is provided by the fire wind pressure. Based on these analysis and research, we have established the air leakage system in the fire area. We put forward a new engineering method to determine the air leakage channel in Yonghong fire area: direct water injection method and infrared imaging shooting method. 5) We analyze combustion thermodynamics in Yonghong fire area macroscopically. Combined with the actual construction situation of Yonghong fire area, we put forward to excavate the surface heat source rock layer in Yonghong fire area to reduce the heat accumulated inside the fire area, thus achieving the purpose of reducing the fire wind pressure and restraining the combustion in the fire area. At the same time, it is also convenient for the construction of construction machinery. By means of fire area monitoring and radon measurement inversion, the good effect of Yonghong comprehensive fire control technology based on the theory of fire zone analysis is verified.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TD75

【参考文献】