透视中国自然灾害区域分异规律与区划研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 15:46

本文选题：自然灾害 + 区域规律　；参考：《地理研究》2017年08期

【摘要】：中国是受自然灾害影响最为严重的国家之一,灾害种类多,发生频率高,受灾影响地域广,伴随着全球气候变化以及中国经济的快速发展和快速城市化,自然灾害形成更加复杂,灾害应对以及防范形势更显严峻。开展自然灾害区域分异规律与区划的研究,一直是综合减灾和国际地理科学研究的重要领域,同时对制定区域发展规划、综合减灾规划、生态文明建设规划等都有着重要的意义。对中国自然灾害区域分异规律与区划研究进展进行了梳理,即分析了从基于地质构造的自然灾害区划到基于孕灾环境的自然灾害区划,再到针对应用目标的农业自然灾害区划、城市自然灾害区划、自然灾害救助区划等的理解与认识,展示中国过去几十年灾害时空格局与区域分异研究的发展历程。结果表明:在自然与人文因素作用下,中国自然灾害呈现出明显的东西分异为主、南北分异为辅,且在高、低灾情区域镶嵌着低、高灾情片的空间格局。在这些研究基础上,倡导在促进灾害风险科学发展和保障区域可持续性需求下,应进一步加深对环境和自然灾害区域分异规律与区划的研究,同时尽快开展自然灾害综合风险区划的研究工作。
[Abstract]:China is one of the countries most seriously affected by natural disasters. There are many kinds of disasters, high frequency, and a wide range of affected areas. With the rapid development of global climate change and the rapid economic development and rapid urbanization of China, China is one of the countries most seriously affected by natural disasters. The formation of natural disasters is more complex, disaster response and prevention situation is more severe. The study of regional differentiation and regionalization of natural disasters has always been an important field of comprehensive disaster reduction and international geographic scientific research. At the same time, it is necessary to formulate regional development plans and comprehensive disaster reduction plans. The ecological civilization construction plan and so on all has the important significance. The research progress on regional differentiation and regionalization of natural disasters in China is summarized, that is, from natural disaster zoning based on geological structure to natural disaster regionalization based on disaster environment, and then agricultural natural disaster regionalization aiming at application objectives. The understanding and understanding of urban natural disaster regionalization and natural disaster relief regionalization show the development of the research on the spatio-temporal pattern and regional differentiation of disasters in China in the past few decades. The results show that natural disasters in China show obvious differences between east and west under the action of natural and human factors, and the spatial pattern of low and high disaster films is embedded in high and low disaster areas. On the basis of these studies, the need to promote the scientific development of disaster risk and the need to ensure regional sustainability should be further deepened in the study of regional differentiation and zoning of the environment and natural disasters, At the same time, as soon as possible to carry out natural disaster comprehensive risk zoning research work.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室;北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室;民政部/教育部减灾与应急管理研究院;北京师范大学区域地理实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41321001) 国家研发计划项目(2016YFA0602404)
【分类号】：X43

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