我国基础教育阶段校车安全管理研究

发布时间：2018-06-23 01:14

本文选题：校车安全 + 管理　；参考：《江西师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前我国有越来越多的儿童乘坐各种非正规的校车，往返于学校与家庭之间。这些校车既不能满足儿童身心需要，又不能保障他们的生命安全。近年来频繁发生的校车安全事故，也一再引起人们对校车安全事故的关注。政府相关部门为应对校车安全问题，及时采取了措施进行治理。然而，基础教育阶段校车安全隐患依然存在，校车安全问题尚未从根本上得到治理。我国校车安全管理既有国家部门立法，也有地方性政策法规进行规范，但这些政策法规仍有缺失，且执行不力。同时，笔者选取了近年来发生的、具有代表性的两起校车安全事故，以及江西省高安市蓝天幼儿园进行个案考查，来了解当前我国基础教育阶段校车安全管理现状。以上研究表明，我国校车安全安全管理存在如下问题：相关主体责任不明；校车使用许可制度缺失；校车司机聘用制度存在漏洞；校车超载超速现象严重；民办园校车管理不规范。究其因，主要是因为校车立法缺失执行不力，校车安全缺乏经费保障，以及公众校车安全意识薄弱。美国在校车安全管理上坚持人本理念，，注重公益支持；从联邦政府、州政府到地方政府，都进行了较为完备的校车立法，并且形成了联邦、州，以及地方政府三级共同管理的校车安全管理体制。从美国校车安全管理中，可以总结出我国基础教育阶段校车安全管理可资借鉴的经验。为改善我国基础教育阶段校车安全管理，首先，应加大政府的主导力度，把校车纳入公共服务体系，建立完善校车法律体系，严格校车安全监管制度，建立校车财政保障机制；其次，应充分发挥市场机制的作用，确立合理的商业运营模式，落实校车运营商资助政策；最后，还要强化公众校车安全意识，重视校车安全教育宣传，充分发挥各类媒体宣传功能，建立校车安全研究协会。
[Abstract]:At present, more and more children travel between school and family on various kinds of informal school buses. These school buses can neither meet the physical and mental needs of children nor guarantee their safety. In recent years, the frequent school bus safety accidents have also aroused people's attention to school bus safety accidents. Relevant government departments to deal with school bus safety issues, timely measures to deal with. However, the hidden dangers of school bus safety still exist in the basic education stage, and the safety problem of school bus has not been fundamentally dealt with. The safety management of school bus in our country is not only regulated by national department legislation but also regulated by local policies and regulations, but these policies and regulations are still lacking, and the enforcement is weak. At the same time, the author selected two representative school bus safety accidents in recent years, as well as Gaoan City, Jiangxi Province Blue Sky Kindergarten case study, in order to understand the current situation of school bus safety management in the basic education stage of our country. The above research shows that the safety management of school bus in China has the following problems: the responsibility of relevant subjects is unclear; the system of school bus use permit is missing; the system of employing school bus drivers has loopholes; the phenomenon of overloading and speeding of school bus is serious; The management of private-run school bus is not standardized. The main reason is the lack of enforcement of school bus legislation, the lack of funding protection for school bus safety, and the lack of public awareness of school bus safety. The United States adheres to the concept of humanism in the management of school bus safety and pays attention to public welfare support. From the federal, state to local governments, the United States has carried out relatively complete school bus legislation, and has formed a federal, state, And the local government three-level joint management of school bus safety management system. From the safety management of American school bus, we can sum up the experience of school bus safety management in the basic education stage of our country. In order to improve the school bus safety management in the basic education stage of our country, firstly, we should strengthen the leading force of the government, bring the school bus into the public service system, establish and perfect the school bus law system, strictly supervise the school bus safety system, and establish the school bus financial guarantee mechanism. Secondly, we should give full play to the role of the market mechanism, establish a reasonable business operation model, and implement the school bus operator subsidy policy. Finally, we should strengthen the public awareness of school bus safety and attach importance to the school bus safety education and publicity. Give full play to all kinds of media publicity function, set up school bus safety research association.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U492.8

【参考文献】