民用飞机鸟撞适航的安全性和经济性评估方法研究

发布时间：2018-07-03 03:16

本文选题：民用飞机 + 鸟撞　；参考：《南京航空航天大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：鸟撞不仅威胁民用飞机安全,也会造成巨大的经济损失。随着我国国产民用飞机的研制与投入运营,鸟撞适航审定与管理显得愈加重要,其中鸟撞适航条款是最重要的基础,而鸟群环境是影响鸟撞适航条款制定的关键因素。针对我国鸟撞适航条款主要参考FAA规章以及国内外鸟群环境各异的情况,所以需要从我国鸟群环境实际出发,通过统计分析我国的鸟撞数据,对我国的鸟撞适航条款进行安全性和经济性评估,判断其适宜性,为后续修订适合我国鸟群环境特点的鸟撞适航条款提供方法。为此,开展了如下研究:首先,对比分析了国内外鸟撞适航条款之间的异同点,进而针对我国鸟撞案例进行了统计与分析,在此基础上分析了我国现有鸟撞适航条款的适宜性,并说明我国开展鸟撞适航条款安全性和经济性评估的必要性。其次,从我国鸟撞案例中提取鸟撞冲击能量信息,以此对鸟撞冲击能量进行了分布拟合与参数估计研究,开展了验证分析,所得的冲击能量分布为后续鸟撞适航条款的安全性和经济性评估提供了重要基础。然后,根据适航安全目标要求,从鸟撞严重程度及其发生概率的角度,以鸟撞冲击能量分布为基础,得出了不同的抗鸟撞适航要求与安全性水平的对应关系,并对飞机尾翼鸟撞适航条款进行了安全性评估。最后,在特定的抗鸟撞结构设计条件下,借助鸟撞仿真研究了不同冲击能量下的结构损伤及对应的修理类别和概率问题,并研究了不同修理类别下的修理和损失成本,为飞机结构的抗鸟撞设计方案确定和鸟撞适航条款的修订从经济性角度提供了评估参考。
[Abstract]:Bird collision not only threatens the safety of civil aircraft, but also causes huge economic losses. With the development and operation of domestic civil aircraft in our country, bird hit seaworthiness examination and management is becoming more and more important, in which the bird airworthiness clause is the most important basis, and the bird group environment is the key factor affecting the formulation of bird airworthiness clause. The provisions of the airworthiness clause mainly refer to the FAA rules and the different domestic and foreign bird environment. Therefore, it is necessary to make a statistical analysis of the bird collision data in our country and evaluate the safety and economy of China's bird strike seaworthiness clause from the actual bird group environment in our country, and judge the suitability of the bird impact seaworthiness clause in our country, so as to revise the bird suitable for the bird group environment in our country. For this reason, the following studies have been carried out: first, the similarities and differences between the domestic and foreign bird collision clauses are compared and analyzed, and then the bird collision cases in China are analyzed and analyzed. On this basis, the suitability of the existing bird crash terms in China is analyzed, and the safety of the bird airworthiness clause in China is also explained. Secondly, the bird impact energy information is extracted from the bird collision case in China, and the distribution fitting and parameter estimation of the bird impact energy are studied, and the verification analysis is carried out. The impact energy distribution is an important basis for the safety and economic evaluation of the subsequent bird strike seaworthiness clause. According to the target of airworthiness safety, on the basis of bird impact energy distribution, the corresponding relationship between the requirements of bird strike airworthiness and the safety level is obtained from the angle of bird impact severity and the probability of occurrence of bird impact, and the safety assessment of the airworthiness clause of the aircraft tail wing is carried out. Finally, under the specific design conditions of the anti bird impact structure, With the aid of bird collision simulation, the structural damage and corresponding repair categories and probability problems under different impact energy are studied, and the repair and loss costs under different repair categories are studied. The evaluation and reference for the determination of the anti bird collision design scheme and the revision of the bird strike seaworthiness terms for the aircraft structure from the economic angle are provided.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：V328;V221.91

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