广州某油库人身伤亡损失的雷击风险研究

发布时间：2018-07-04 07:43

本文选题：风险评估 + 雷击　；参考：《电子科技大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：在经济发达和人口密集的广州，每年雷击造成的人员伤亡和经济损失非常惨重。如今，雷击风险评估方面的工作已经全面开展，也取得了非常好的效果。两百多年前，避雷针被本杰明·富兰克林发明了，之后逐步改进的避雷针已广为应用。近年来，国际电工委员会在雷击风险评估方面进行了很多的研究,先后发布了雷击损害风险评估的技术报告IEC61662及雷击风险管理的技术标准IEC62305-2。本文介绍了IEC62305-2中雷电流造成损害的成因、类型划分，以及不同损害类型造成损失类型划分。同时，还详细阐述了风险的组成及建筑物各个风险分量的估算方法，也明确雷击风险评估中的年平均危险事件次数、损害概率及损失率三个关键参数。本文还对土壤电阻率、截收面积、地闪密度以及PB进行详细的分析研究。这些参数应该根据评估对象的具体情况进行取值或计算，才能确保评估的结果具有准确性及针对性。雷击风险评估工作是个极其复杂、综合的工程，包含大量、繁杂的数据处理，利用计算机速度快、精确度高的优点，采用C++语言设计雷击风险评估软件，该软件对里面大量的量化因子和复杂的计算公式用计算机程序进行处理，使得对雷电风险评估的过程更加高效快捷，结论更加清晰准确。用户可根据实际情况，从软件界面中选择适合的参数或输入实际参数，软件会自动计算各个风险值。每一项除了风险总值外，还会单独列出各风险分量的具体值以及其在总值中所占的比例。将计算结果同风险的容许值RT进行比较，，确定是否还需要另外增加防护措施。本文还详细分析了广州某油库的相关特性，根据这些特性分析得出的结果，再利用雷击风险评估软件对油库的办公区和罐区进行人身伤亡损失风险计算。雷击风险评估是目前防雷工作的重要一项内容，在防雷的设计及施工的过程中起了不可缺少的作用。通过评估能够定量给出被保护对象的雷击风险，是识别风险、控制风险以及处理风险的依据。根据风险评估结果相应采取经济、可行的措施，以避免或最大限度降低雷击所导致的生命财产损失。
[Abstract]:In developed and densely populated Guangzhou, lightning strikes cause heavy casualties and economic losses every year. Today, lightning risk assessment has been fully carried out, and achieved very good results. More than two hundred years ago, the lightning rod was invented by Benjamin Franklin, and gradually improved lightning rod has been widely used. In recent years, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) has carried out a lot of research on the risk assessment of lightning stroke, and has issued the technical report of risk assessment of lightning damage IEC61662 and the technical standard of lightning risk management IEC62305-2. This paper introduces the cause of damage caused by lightning current in IEC62305-2, the classification of types of damage, and the classification of damage types caused by different types of damage. At the same time, the composition of the risk and the estimation method of each risk component of the building are expounded in detail, and the three key parameters of the annual average number of dangerous events, the damage probability and the loss rate in the risk assessment of lightning strike are defined. The soil resistivity, interception area, lightning density and PB were studied in detail. In order to ensure the accuracy and pertinence of the evaluation results, these parameters should be calculated or calculated according to the specific conditions of the evaluation objects. Lightning stroke risk assessment is an extremely complex and comprehensive project, including a large number of complex data processing, the use of the advantages of fast computer, high accuracy, the use of C language to design lightning risk assessment software, In this software, a large number of quantization factors and complex formulas are processed by computer program, which makes the process of lightning risk assessment more efficient and faster, and the conclusion is clearer and more accurate. According to the actual situation, the user can select the appropriate parameters or input the actual parameters from the software interface, and the software will automatically calculate each risk value. In addition to the total value of risk, each item also lists the specific value of each component of the risk and its proportion in the total value. Compare the calculated results with the allowable value RT of the risk to determine whether additional protective measures are needed. The related characteristics of a certain oil depot in Guangzhou are analyzed in detail. According to the results obtained from the analysis, the risk of personal casualty loss is calculated by using the lightning strike risk assessment software for the office area and tank area of the oil depot. Lightning risk assessment is an important part of lightning protection at present and plays an indispensable role in the design and construction of lightning protection. The lightning stroke risk of protected object can be quantitatively given by evaluation, which is the basis for identifying risk, controlling risk and dealing with risk. According to the results of risk assessment, economic and feasible measures should be taken to avoid or minimize the loss of life and property caused by lightning strike.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：X937;P429

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