建筑工人安全行为与消极后果的结构关系实证研究

发布时间：2018-07-04 21:42

  本文选题：安全结果 + 安全行为　； 参考：《西南交通大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：我国建筑工人人数高达四千万,这个为我国建设事业做出巨大贡献的弱势群体,其职业安全问题却令人堪忧。鉴此,因为建筑工人是建筑安全的主体,而整体上总结,我国庞大的建筑工人群体存在安全意识薄弱、安全技能不足、安全知识贫乏、安全行为不规范等问题。那么以建筑工人作为研究对象,研究安全结果受哪些主要因素的影响以及如何有效改善安全结果就显得极其重要。鉴于安全结果对于建筑工人、施工企业以及政府安监部门具有不言而喻的重要性,本文认为有必要探讨安全结果到底受哪些因素的显著影响以及影响机理。为了解决上述问题,本文以建筑工人作为研究对象,沿着“安全氛围→安全行为→安全结果”的逻辑思路,提出相应的研究假设以及理论模型,并用问卷调查的方式获取一手的研究数据,利用SPSS18.0和AMOS17.0等软件工具,通过探索性因子分析、验证性因子分析以及结构方程模型等统计方法对调查数据进行了分析,对研究假设和理论模型进行了实证分析。本文的主要研究内容及结论如下：(1)分析安全氛围的内容与结构、维度。本研究基于国内外相关理论文献的回顾,对我国建筑行业背景下的安全氛围概念进行了梳理,将安全氛围划分为四维度,包括企业安全控制、工人消极情绪、安全技能与交流、政府安全管理。进而本文还通过小样本预调查与大样本调研,验证安全范围维度划分的有效性,从统计结果来看,安全氛围的四个维度是清楚分明的,四维度的划分是比较全面合理的。(2)剖析安全氛围对建筑工人安全行为的作用内在机理。本研究引入企业安全控制、工人消极情绪、安全技能与交流、政府安全管理,探索安全氛围对安全行为的内在影响决定机理,并运用结构方程建模方法就作用大小、作用机理加以详细研究。(3)分析建筑工人安全行为对安全结果的作用内在机理。本研究在借鉴国内外已有量表的基础上,考虑中国建筑工人的特点,将安全行为划分为三个维度,即操作行为表现、安全参加、帮助工友行为。分析结果显示,这三个维度的测量量表均有较高的信度和效度,说明将安全行为划分为这三个维度是合理的。另一方面,本研究将安全结果划分为两个维度,即损失结果和工伤。本研究通过对建筑工人大样本数据进行探索性因子分析,通过调查问卷的不断改进和统计筛选,将安全结果划分归纳为两个维度,对应的两个潜变量分别是损失结果和工伤。分析结果显示,这两个维度的测量量表均有较高的信度和效度,说明将安全结果划分为这两个维度是合理的。先前的安全结果研究并没有将安全结果划分为多维度,而本研究在实证分析基础上对安全结果的维度划分更加细致。本研究探索了安全行为对安全结果的内在影响决定机理,并运用结构方程建模方法就作用大小、作用机理加以详细研究。(4)建立了以安全氛围为前因变量,以安全行为为中介变量,安全结果为结果变量的较为完整的理论模型,验证了该模型的各变量之间的逻辑关系,明确了哪些路径关系是显著成立的,也说明了哪些假设路径最终经证实是不具有显著的相关关系。研究结果表明安全行为在安全氛围与安全结果间能起到一定程度的中介作用。本研究对“安全氛围→安全行为→安全结果”模型在中国特殊背景情境下的适用性进行了验证,并对安全结果这个结果变量及其作用机理进行了积极的探索,突破了以往研究文献回避深入探索安全结果的局限,采用一手实证数据探索安全结果到底由哪些因素决定和影响,丰富了建筑安全的理论研究。本文研究结果可以用于科学指导施工企业如何改进内部安全管理方法、指导政府安监部门优化政府施工安全管理政策等,为改善安全结果、降低建筑工人伤亡率起到相当的帮助作用。当然本研究同样也存在不足之处,有待进一步作更深入与全面的后续研究。
[Abstract]:The number of construction workers in China is as high as forty million, which has made great contributions to the construction of our country. The problem of occupational safety is worrying. As a result, the construction workers are the main body of building safety. On the whole, the whole group of construction workers in our country is weak in safety awareness, lack of safety skills and poor safety knowledge. It is very important to study the influence of the main factors on the safety results and how to effectively improve the safety results. It is considered that the safety results have a self-evident importance to the construction workers, the construction enterprises and the government security supervision department. In order to solve the above problems, this paper takes construction workers as the research object, and puts forward the corresponding research hypothesis and theoretical model along the logical train of thought of "safety atmosphere, safety behavior and safety results". Hand's research data, using software tools such as SPSS18.0 and AMOS17.0, through exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model and other statistical methods to analyze the survey data, and carry out an empirical analysis of the research hypothesis and theoretical model. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) analysis of the security atmosphere Based on the literature review at home and abroad, this study combs the concept of security atmosphere in the background of China's construction industry, and divides the security atmosphere into four dimensions, including enterprise safety control, workers' negative emotions, safety skills and flow, and government security management. Survey and large sample survey to verify the effectiveness of the dimension of safety scope. From the statistical results, the four dimensions of the safety atmosphere are clear and clear, and the division of the four dimension is more comprehensive and reasonable. (2) the analysis of the internal mechanism of the safety atmosphere to the safety behavior of the construction workers. In order to analyze the internal mechanism of the safety behavior of the construction workers, the internal mechanism of the safety behavior of the construction workers is analyzed. (3) the internal mechanism of the safety behavior of construction workers to the safety results is analyzed. On the basis of the characteristics of Chinese builders, the safety behavior is divided into three dimensions, that is, operation behavior, safe participation and help workers' behavior. The analysis results show that the measurement scales of the three dimensions have high reliability and validity, indicating that it is reasonable to divide the safety behavior into these three dimensions. On the other hand, this study will The safety results are divided into two dimensions, namely, loss results and industrial injuries. Through the exploratory factor analysis of the large sample data of the construction workers, the security results are divided into two dimensions through the continuous improvement and statistical screening of the questionnaire, and the corresponding two submersible changes are the loss results and the industrial injuries respectively. The analysis results show that The two dimensions have high reliability and validity, indicating that it is reasonable to divide the security results into these two dimensions. The previous study of security results did not divide the security results into multi dimensions, and the study on the basis of empirical analysis is more detailed on the dimension of security results. This study explored the safety behavior. The internal influence of the security results is determined by the mechanism, and the structure equation modeling method is used to study the action size and the mechanism of action. (4) a more complete theoretical model is established, which takes the safety atmosphere as the antecedent variable, the safety behavior as the intermediary variable and the safety result as the result variable, and the logic of the variables of the model is verified. The results show that the security behavior can play a certain intermediary role between the security atmosphere and the security results. This study is a model of "safety atmosphere, safety behavior, safety results". The applicability of the model in China's special background situation was verified, and the result variable and its mechanism were actively explored, which broke through the limitations of the previous research literature to explore the security results, and to find out what factors decided and influenced by the one hand empirical data, and enriched the construction. The results of this paper can be used to guide the construction enterprises to improve the internal safety management methods scientifically, to guide the government security supervision department to optimize the government construction safety management policy and so on, to improve the safety results and reduce the casualty rate of the construction workers. Further in-depth and comprehensive follow-up studies are needed.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TU714
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本文编号：2097549