某LNG工厂风险评价技术研究

发布时间：2018-07-08 18:14

本文选题：LNG + 安全　；参考：《西南石油大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：伴随着我国能源需求的快速增长,LNG将成为天然气上下游一体化系统中的主要组成部分,大力发展LNG成为保护我国生态环境、能源安全及国家经济持续协调发展的关键举措。而由于LNG具有低温、高压、易燃易爆等特性,一旦发生事故,将造成严重的人员伤亡和巨大的经济损失。目前,我国对LNG工厂风险的研究正处于起步阶段,还没有形成系统的评价方法。为了确定LNG工厂内各项设备的危险性,找出可能导致事故发生的主要危险源,因此需要对LNG工厂进行风险评价研究,制定相应的对策措施,以确保工厂生产平稳有效的运行,减少经济损失。本文在对国内外风险评价技术研究现状进行充分调研的基础上,针对某LNG工厂的实际生产运行情况,从危险有害物质、设备、场所等方面对工厂中的危险有害因素进行辨识,最终确定出火灾、爆炸、低温为工厂主要危险因素；并运用道化学火灾爆炸危险指数评价法,将该LNG工厂划分为三个单元,分别对各单元进行评价,从而得到相应的火灾爆炸危险等级、安全措施补偿系数等。在运用道化学火灾爆炸危险指数评价的基础上,对该工厂的工艺、设备等方面作了深入的分析,确定了相应的评价单元及评价方法。在对危险有害因素的辩识与分析的基础上,做出了安全定性和定量评价,最后提出了相应的安全对策措施。
[Abstract]:With the rapid growth of energy demand in China, LNG will become the main component of the natural gas upstream and downstream integration system, and the development of LNG will become a key measure to protect the ecological environment, energy security and the sustainable and coordinated development of the national economy. Because LNG has the characteristics of low temperature, high pressure, flammable and explosive, once the accident occurs, it will cause serious casualties and huge economic losses. At present, the study of LNG plant risk in China is at the initial stage, and there is no systematic evaluation method. In order to determine the risk of every equipment in LNG plant and to find out the main hazard source that may lead to accidents, it is necessary to study the risk assessment of LNG plant and make corresponding countermeasures to ensure the smooth and effective operation of the plant. Reduce economic losses. Based on the research of domestic and foreign risk assessment technology, this paper identifies the hazardous factors in a LNG plant from the aspects of hazardous substances, equipment, location and so on, in view of the actual production and operation of a LNG plant. Finally, the fire, explosion and low temperature are identified as the main risk factors in the plant. The LNG plant is divided into three units by using the road chemical fire explosion risk index evaluation method, and each unit is evaluated respectively. Thus, the corresponding fire and explosion hazard grade, safety measures compensation coefficient and so on are obtained. Based on the evaluation of chemical fire and explosion hazard index, the process and equipment of the plant are analyzed, and the corresponding evaluation unit and evaluation method are determined. Based on the identification and analysis of dangerous and harmful factors, the safety qualitative and quantitative evaluation is made, and the corresponding safety countermeasures are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TE687

【参考文献】