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高位硬厚岩层下采动裂隙和支承应力演化特征及其对瓦斯运移的影响

发布时间:2018-08-15 11:31
【摘要】:针对上覆高位硬厚岩层的结构特征和受力状态,建立了均布载荷和体积力共同作用的力学模型,得到了硬厚岩层破断形式的力学判据。采用相似材料模拟试验及离散元数值模拟,研究了高位主关键层下覆岩采动裂隙和支承应力的演化规律及其对瓦斯运移的影响,并采用工程实例验证了研究结果。研究表明:高位主关键层条件下,覆岩采动裂隙发育、煤岩体支承应力分布、卸压效果都发生了明显变异,主关键层阻隔了向上发育或传递。主关键层下方形成中部梯形压实区和两侧平行四边形破裂区,破断裂隙呈类"马鞍"形分布,其底部离层量分布按照"单谷"、"倒梯形"、"双谷"形态演化;煤岩体支承应力集中程度较高,影响范围较大,主关键层破断运移后明显下降。主关键层下方存在采空区卸压裂隙发育区,游离瓦斯可通过破断裂隙运移至主关键层底部的负压离层空间,主关键层运移时可能诱发地面钻孔瓦斯动力现象。
[Abstract]:According to the structural characteristics and stress state of overlying high hard thick strata, a mechanical model of the interaction of uniform load and volume force is established, and the mechanical criterion of hard and thick strata breaking form is obtained. By using similar material simulation test and discrete element numerical simulation, the evolution law of mining fissure and supporting stress and its influence on gas migration under high main key strata are studied, and the research results are verified by an engineering example. The study shows that under the condition of high main key layer, the overburden mining fissure develops, the supporting stress distribution of coal and rock mass, and the effect of pressure relief all have obvious variation, and the main key layer blocks the upward development or transfer. The central trapezoid compaction zone and the bilateral parallelogram fracture zone are formed under the main key layer. The fracture is like saddle distribution, and the distribution of the bottom layer is in the form of "single valley", "inverted trapezoid" and "double valley". The supporting stress concentration of coal and rock mass is high and the influence range is large, and the main key layer is obviously decreased after breaking and migration. Under the main key layer, there is a pressure relief fissure development area in the goaf. Free gas can be transported to the negative pressure separation space at the bottom of the main critical layer by breaking the fracture, which may induce the gas dynamic phenomenon in the ground borehole when the main key layer moves.
【作者单位】: 山东科技大学矿山灾害预防控制省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地;山东科技大学资源与土木工程系;济宁学院化学与化工系;
【基金】:国家自然科学基金项目(51374139) 山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2013EEM018) 山东科技大学科研创新团队支持计划项目
【分类号】:TD32;TD712

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