统计能量法在某车型上的降噪研究

发布时间：2018-08-22 09:27

【摘要】：随着汽车行业的飞速发展和人们生活水平的不断提高，汽车已经从以前的奢侈品变成了人们生活中的必需品，人们除了对汽车的动力、操纵等性能有更高要求以外，对汽车的噪声、振动及舒适性即NVH性能也有更高的要求。因而各国花了很大气力在汽车NVH的研究上。而解决这类NVH问题的手段也是多种多样，其中统计能量分析（SEA）就是其中重要的一种。降低车内噪声的主要方法是降低噪声源和提高噪声传递路径上的隔绝能力。本文就从隔绝噪声源方面开始通过一个实例及相应的测试数据分析阐述了对于车内噪音控制采取的一些方法，介绍了目前被广泛运用在汽车行业的噪音测试方法和一些指标。首先是对整车原始状态作基本的摸底测试并改进整车密封性能，同时收集车辆子系统的表单信息，然后建立该车型的SEA模型，对其室内噪声进行预测。其次在得到以上的一些初步测试结果和SEA模型之后对整车的声学包进行优化设计，根据优化设计结果进行材料的准备并在车辆上进行测试验证，通过实际测试结果进一步对声学包设计进行优化最终达到初始设计目标。车内测试的位置为驾驶员右耳处。从测试结果看，SEA的计算结果对整车在高频的降噪起到了指导性的作用，节约了时间和成本，，意外收获是在提高整车NVH性能的同时降低了整车地重量，说明了统计能量方法对整车高频降噪方面的可行性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the automobile industry and the continuous improvement of people's living standard, the automobile has changed from the luxury goods to the necessities of people's life. There are also higher requirements for vehicle noise, vibration and comfort, that is, NVH performance. Therefore, all countries spend a lot of effort on the research of automobile NVH. There are many ways to solve this kind of NVH problem, among which statistical energy analysis (SEA) is one of the most important methods. The main method to reduce the noise in the vehicle is to reduce the noise source and improve the isolation ability of the noise transmission path. In this paper, through an example and analysis of the corresponding test data, some methods for noise control in vehicles are expounded, and the noise testing methods and some indexes widely used in automobile industry are introduced in this paper. Firstly, the original state of the whole vehicle is tested and the sealing performance of the whole vehicle is improved. At the same time, the form information of the vehicle subsystem is collected, and then the SEA model of the vehicle is established to predict the indoor noise. Secondly, after getting some preliminary test results and SEA model above, the acoustic package of the whole vehicle is optimized. According to the optimized design results, the materials are prepared and tested on the vehicle. Through the actual test results, the acoustic package design is further optimized to achieve the initial design goal. The test position in the car is at the right ear of the driver. From the test results, the calculated results of sea play a guiding role in the noise reduction of the whole vehicle at high frequency, and save time and cost. The unexpected gain is to improve the NVH performance of the whole vehicle and reduce the weight of the whole vehicle at the same time. The feasibility of the statistical energy method for the high frequency noise reduction of the whole vehicle is illustrated.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U461.4;TB535

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